RISK FACTORS FOR MALNUTRITION OF CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OLD ON THE AREA OF NANGGALO PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER PADANG WEST SUMATERA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31674/mjmr.2019.v03i01.003Abstract
Background: Children under five years are quite vulnerable to a nutritional disorder. Prevalence malnutrition of children under five are still problematic in Indonesia (19.6%) including in West Sumatera with a prevalence of 21%. Nutritional status is influenced by several factors, such as economi, imunization status, infectious disease, breastfeeding history. This study is aimed to determine malnutrition of children under five years old as well as to identify the correlation between risk factors and malnutrition on the area of Nanggalo Public Health Center, Padang West Sumatera.
Methodology: The design of this study was observational analytical study with case-control research design to identify risk factors associated with malnutrition in children under five years old. The population was all children aged of under five years old at the area of Nanggalo Public Health Center. Sample was 26 malnutrition children, while the control sample was 26 normal children. Data was collected through interview and measurement. Data analysis was conducted in univariate, bivariate (chi-square test), and multivariate analyze (logistic regression analysis).
Result : According to 52 subjects of case control in the area of Nanggalo Public Health Center Padang, there was a significant association between economi (p=0,006 OR=6,107 95% CI=1,836-20,315), imunization status (p=0,002 OR=7,500 95% CI=2,181-25,795), infectious disease (p=0,002 OR=7,367 95% CI=2,163-25,093) and breastfeeding history (p=0,012 OR=5,333 95% CI=1,595-17,829) to malnutrition.
Conclusion: In this study, there was a significant correlation among the variable of economi, imunization status, infectious disease, breastfeeding history on children’s malnutrition. The most dominating factor was infectious disease and immunization status.
Keywords:
Malnutrition, Economi, Immunization Status, Infectious Disease, Breastfeeding HistoryDownloads
References
Abera, L., Dejene, T. and Laelago, T. (2017). Prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors in children aged 6-59 months among rural dwellers of damot gale district, south Ethiopia: Community based cross sectional study’, International Journal for Equity in Health. International Journal for Equity in Health, 16(1), pp. 1–8. doi: 10.1186/s12939-017-0608-9.
Alexandre, M. A., Benzecry, S.G., Siqueira, A.M., Vitor-Silva, S., Melo, G.C., Monteiro, W.M., Leite, H.P., Lacerda, M.V.& Alecrim, M. (2015). The Association between Nutritional Status and Malaria in Children from a Rural Community in the Amazonian Region: A Longitudinal Study. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 9(4), pages 15. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003743.
Ansuya, Nayak, B. S., Unnikrishnan, B., George, A., Shashidhara, N. Y., Mundkur, S.C. & Guddattu, V. (2018). Risk Factors for Malnutrition Among Preschool Children in Rural Karnataka: A Case-control Study. BMC Public Health, Pages 8
Belaynew, G., Belaynew, W. & Dube, J. (2014). Assessment of Factors Associated with Malnutrition among Under Five Years Age Children at Machakel Woreda, Northwest Ethiopia: A Case Control Study. Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences, 4(1), Pages 7
Directorate of Community Nutrition Directorate General of Public Health Ministry of Health (2018). Nutrition Status Monitoring Handbook in 2017. Jakarta: Ministry of Health. Retrieved from: http://www.kesmas.kemkes.go.id/assets/upload/ dir_519d41d8cd98f00/files/Buku-Saku-Nasional-PSG-2017_975.pdf.
Health Office of Padang City .(2018). Annual Report for 2017. Padang. Retrieved from:https://dinkes.padang.go.id/read/234- Laporan_Tahunan_Dinas_Kesehatan_Kota_Padang_Tahun_2017_Edisi_Tahun_20 18.
Kandala, N. B., Madungu, T.P., Emina, J.B., Nzita, K.P. & Cappuccio, F.P. (2011). Malnutrition Among Children Under the Age of Five in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC): Does Geographic Location Matter?’. BMC Public Health, 11. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-261.
Kishoyian, G. M., Osinyo, Y. B., Kishoyian, J. N. & Otieno, G. O. (2017). Factors Contributing to Malnutrition Among Children Under Five Years of Age in Machakos Country Level Five Hospital. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research, 3(2), pp 1–12.
Kismul, H., Schwinger, C., Chhagan, M., Mapatano, M. & Van den Broeck, J. (2014). Incidence and course of Child Malnutrition According to Clinical or Anthropometrical Assessment: A Longitudinal Study from Rural DR Congo. BMC Pediatrics, Pages 8
Mahgoub, S. E. O., Maria, N.. & Theodore, B. (2006). Factors Affecting Prevalence of Malnutrition Among Children Under Three Years of Age in Botswana: Etendue Et Types De Malnutrition Et Les Facteurs Y Relatifs Chez Des Enfants De Moins De Trois Ans Au Botswana Resume, African Journal of Food Agriculture Nutrition and Development, 6(1).
Picot, J., Hartwell,J., Harris, P., Mendes, D., Clegg, A.J. & Takeda, A. (2012). The effectiveness of interventions to treat severe acute malnutrition in young children: a systematic review. Health Technology Assessment,16(19), pp 1-316.
Tariq, J., Sajjad, A., Zakar, R., Zakar, M. Z. & Fischer, F. (2018). Factors associated with undernutrition in children under the age of two years: Secondary data analysis based on the Pakistan demographic and health survey 2012–2013. Nutrients, 10(6), doi: 10.3390/nu10060676
Tette, E. M. A., Sifah, E. K., Nartey, E. T., Nuro-Ameyaw, P., Tete-Donkor, P., & Biritwum, R. B. (2016). Maternal Profiles and Social Determinants of Malnutrition and the MDGs: What have we learnt? BMC Public Health, 16(1), Pages 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2853-z
Turyashemererwa, F.M, Kikafunda, J.K. & Agaba, E. (2009). Prevalence of Early Childhood Malnutrition and Influencing Factors in Peri Urban Areas of Kabarole District, Western Uganda, Ajfand, 9(4), pp. 975–989.
UNICEF, World Health Organization, & The World Bank. (2018). UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates: Levels & trends in childmalnutrition.Retrievedfrom:https://data.unicef.org/wpcontent/uploads/2018/05/J ME-2018-brochure-web.pdf
WHO & UNICEF. (2009). WHO Child Growth Standards and the Identification of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Infants and Children: A Joint Statement by the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund. Retrieved from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/44129/9789241598163_eng.pdf?ua= 1
