Accuracy Assessment of an Android-Based Pharmacokinetic Application for Amikacin Using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE)

Abstract

Background: This study evaluates the accuracy of an Android-based pharmacokinetic application, the "Indonesia Pharmacokinetic Calculator" (Kalkulator Farmakokinetik Indonesia - KFI), developed to calculate individual pharmacokinetic parameters in patients receiving amikacin, a narrow therapeutic index drug. Objective: To assess the accuracy of the KFI application in calculating pharmacokinetic and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters and to compare its performance with MS Excel. Methods: The KFI application incorporates pharmacokinetic algorithms to calculate patient-specific parameters (e.g., k, t½, Vd, CL, AUC, Cpss, and time to reach Cpss) and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters (e.g., Cpmax/MIC Ratio, AUC0-24h/MIC Ratio). The application allows the input of patient data, including two post-dose drug concentration measurements. Accuracy was assessed by comparing the KFI outputs with those obtained from MS Excel using identical formulas. The Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) was used to quantify differences between the two methods. Results: The KFI application demonstrated high accuracy in calculating pharmacokinetic parameters, with an average MAPE of 0.04% and a standard deviation of 0.13%. Most parameters exhibited an APE of 0.00%, indicating near-perfect agreement with MS Excel calculations. Minor differences were observed for clearance (CL) and minimum steady-state concentration (Cpss min), with APE values of 0.05% and 0.50%, respectively. These differences were considered clinically acceptable. Conclusion: The Android-based pharmacokinetic application has been shown to provide a reliable and accurate tool for calculating pharmacokinetic and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters for amikacin, offering significant potential for clinical decision-making and optimising therapy.