IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON MENTAL AND EMOTIONAL WELLBEING AMONG CHILDREN: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31674/mjmr.2021.v05i03.003Abstract
Background: Coronavirus pandemic represents a huge threat and phenomenal risks on mental and emotional wellness among children. This systematic review expects to integrate academic research literature that provides details regarding the impact of COVID-19 on emotional wellbeing and mental status among children.
Methods: A systematic research engine was escorted on PubMed, Proquest, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar with keywords: Children, COVID-19, Mental Status, Psychological Status from December 2019 to 18 November 2020 following the PRISMA guidelines. Articles were chosen dependent on the predetermined eligibility criteria. The included articles to review used the Quality Assessment Tool Adapted from the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Results: A total of 17,059 records were identified using the keywords. After removal of duplicates and initial screening, seven articles met the inclusion criteria of COVID-19 influence on mental and emotional wellbeing among children. The research design was a longitudinal and cross-sectional online survey with the children age range was 3 – 18 years old.
Conclusions: COVID-19 Pandemic has a significant influence on mental and emotional wellbeing among children. Some children experienced depressive indication, difficulty concentrating, anxiety, touchy and easy to get irritated.
Limitations: Online survey generalized the results, younger children might need assistance from parents during filling up the questionnaire, small sampling size.
Keywords:
Children, COVID-19, Mental Status, Psychological StatusDownloads
References
Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet, 395(10227), 912-920. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8.
Duan, L., Shao, X., Wang, Y., Huang, Y., Miao, J., Yang, X., & Zhu, G. (2020). An investigation of mental health status of children and adolescents in china during the outbreak of COVID-19. Journal of Affective Disorders, 275, 112-118. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.029.
Ezpeleta, L., Navarro, J.B., de la Osa, N., Trepat, E., & Penelo, E. (2020) Life conditions during COVID-19 lockdown and mental health in Spanish adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(19), 7327.https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197327.
Imran, N., Aamer, I., Sharif, M. I., Bodla, Z. H., & Naveed, S. (2020). Psychological burden of quarantine in children and adolescents: A rapid systematic review and proposed solutions. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 36(5), 1106.https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms .36.5.3088.
Kahraman, O., & Demirci, E.O. (2018) Internet addiction and attention‐deficit–hyperactivity disorder: effects of anxiety, depression, and self‐esteem. Pediatrics International, 60(6), 529-534.
The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health. (2020). Pandemic school closures: risks and opportunities. 4(5),341. DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(20) 30105-X.
Lee, J. (2020). Mental health effects of school closures during COVID-19. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 4(6), 421.
Liu, J.J., Bao, Y., Huang, X., Shi, J., & Lu, L. (2020) Mental health considerations for children quarantined because of COVID-19. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 4(5), 347-349. DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30096-1
Liu, Y., Zhang, W., & Cai, J. (2017). Relation of anxiety and depression to lifestyle in junior high school students. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 31(3), 235-240.
Loades, M. E., Chatburn, E., Higson-Sweeney, N., Reynolds, S., Shafran, R., Brigden, A., … & Crawley, E. (2020) Rapid Systematic Review: The Impact of Social Isolation and Loneliness on the Mental Health of Children and Adolescents in the Context of COVID-19. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 59(11), 1218-1239.e3.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2020.05.009.
Mactavish, A., Mastronardi, C., Menna, R., Babb, K. A., Battaglia, M., Amstadter, A. B., & Rappaport, L. (2020). The Acute Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children’s Mental Health in Southwestern Ontario. Preprint Manuscript, 53(9), 1–31.
Magklara, K., Lazaratou, H., Barbouni, A., Poulas, K., Farsalinos, K., & Coronavirus Greece Research Group. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures on mental health of children and adolescents in Greece. MedRxiv. 1–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.18.20214643.
Orgilés, M., Morales, A., Delvecchio, E., Mazzeschi, C., & Espada, J. P. (2020). Immediate psychological effects of the COVID-19 quarantine in youth from Italy and Spain. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 2986. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3588552.
Perlman, D., & Peplau, L. A. (1981). Toward a social psychology of loneliness. Personal Relationships, 3, 31-56.London: Academic Press.
Pisano, L., Galimi, D., & Cerniglia, L. (2020). A qualitative report on exploratory data on the possible emotional/behavioral correlates of Covid-19 lockdown in 4-10 years children in Italy.Preprint, page 1–22.https://psyarxiv.com/stwbn/download?format=pdf
Shen, K., Yang, Y., Wang, T., Zhao, D., Jiang, Y., Jin, R., ... & Gao, L. (2020). Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children: experts’ consensus statement. World Journal of Pediatrics, 16(3), 223-231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-020-00343-7.
Soni, R., Upadhyay, R., & Jain, M. (2017). Prevalence of smart phone addiction, sleep quality and associated behaviour problems in adolescents. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 5(2), 515-519.
UNICEF. (2019). Global population of children 2100. Statista. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/ statistics/678737/total-number-of-children-worldwide/ on November 2020.
Wang, G., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhang, J., & Jiang, F. (2020). Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet, 395(10228), 945-947.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2020.03.001.
Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., Xu, X., Dong, J., & Zheng, J. (2020). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Research, 287, 112934. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934.
Xiang, M., & Zhang, Z. (2020) Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents’ lifestyle behavior larger than expected too. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 63, 531–532.
Xie, X., Xue, Q., Zhou, Y., Zhu, K., Liu, Q., Zhang, J., & Song, R. (2020) Mental Health Status Among Children in Home Confinement During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak in Hubei Province, China. JAMA Pediatrics, 174(9), 898-900.
Yeasmin, S., Banik, R., Hossain, S., Hossain, M. N., Mahumud, R., Salma, N., & Hossain, M. M. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of children in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study. Children and Youth Services Review, 117, 105277.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105277.
Zhang, C., Ye, M., Fu, Y., Yang, M., Luo, F., Yuan, J., & Tao, Q. (2020) The Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Teenagers in China. Journal of Adolescent Health, xxx(2020), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.08.026.
Zhou, M., Zhang, G., Rozelle, S., Kenny, K., & Xue, H. (2018) Depressive symptoms of Chinese children: Prevalence and correlated factors among subgroups. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(2), 283. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15020283.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Malaysian Journal of Medical Research (MJMR)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.