Barriers to Female Participation in Sri Lanka's Hotel Industry: A Qualitative Exploration of Cultural, Social, and Organizational Challenges

Abstract

The under-representation of women in Sri Lanka's hotel industry is a significant issue, reflecting broader global challenges related to gender diversity in the workforce. This study aims to identify and understand the barriers that prevent women from entering and advancing in the hotel industry, gather insights from various stakeholders, and examine the differences in experiences and challenges faced by women in large-scale versus medium-scale hotel establishments. A qualitative research design was employed, with data collected through 50 in-depth interviews with female and male employees, industry experts, and family members of female employees across the North Central, Eastern, and Central Provinces of Sri Lanka. Thematic analysis revealed five major themes: cultural and social barriers, family responsibilities, workplace environment and safety concerns, career progression and opportunities, and perceptions and stereotypes. Key findings indicate that traditional gender roles, societal expectations, and lack of supportive workplace policies significantly hinder women's participation. Additionally, safety concerns and limited career advancement opportunities exacerbate these challenges. Stakeholder perspectives underscore the need for comprehensive policies to promote gender diversity, including robust grievance mechanisms, flexible work arrangements, and targeted recruitment efforts. The study concludes that addressing these barriers requires coordinated efforts from hotel management, government, and industry bodies to create a more inclusive and supportive environment for female employees.