Effect of Empowerment-Based Nursing Program on Knowledge and Self-Efficacy among Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31674/mjn.2026.v18i02.009Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis is a long-term neurodegenerative disorder. Empowerment-based nursing interventions are considered an essential approach in chronic disease management, which effectively enhances patients’ knowledge and self-efficacy. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of an empowerment-based nursing program on knowledge and self-efficacy among patients with multiple sclerosis. Methods: A study-control quasi-experimental research design was used for conducting the study with a purposive sample of 102 patients obtained from the multiple sclerosis unit and neurological ward at Assiut University Hospitals, utilizing two tools: the patient's assessment sheet and the Multiple Sclerosis Self-Efficacy Scale. Results: Regarding age distribution, 51.0% of patients in the intervention group and 60.8% in the control group were aged between 30 and less than 40 years. The majority of patients in both groups presented with a relapsing–remitting disease pattern (82.4% in the intervention group and 94.1% in the control group). Following the implementation of the empowerment-based nursing program, 90.2% of patients in the study group demonstrated a satisfactory level of knowledge, while 31.4% exhibited a high level of self-efficacy. Conclusion: There were statistically significant differences in knowledge and self-efficacy between the study and control groups post application of the empowerment-based nursing program. Recommendation: Patients with multiple sclerosis should receive ongoing empowerment-based nursing programs, and healthcare institutions should integrate such programs into routine care.
Keywords:
Empowerment, Knowledge, Multiple Sclerosis, Nursing, Self-EfficacyDownloads
References
Abo-Nar, E. N., & Mohamed A. E. M. (2024). Study of non-motor manifestations in a sample of Egyptian multiple sclerosis patients. Al-Azhar International Medical Journal, 5(1), 44. https://doi.org/10.58675/2682-339X.2233
Afifi, Z. E., Shehata, R. I., El Sayed, A. F., Hammad, E. S. M., & Salem, M. R. (2021). Nutritional status of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients attending Kasr Alainy MS unit: an exploratory cross-sectional study. Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association, 96(1), 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42506-021-00080-3
Ahmed, Z. M., & Mohammed, M. M. A. E. (2024). Nursing Guides to Mange Urinary Symptoms among Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: Patients Empowering. Egyptian Journal of Health Care, 15(1), 1941-1958. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejhc.2024.356733
Arab, F., Hekmatpou, D., & Saeedi, M. (2023). The effect of distance empowerment program on self-efficacy among multiple sclerosis patients. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, 55(4), 143-147. https://doi.org/10.1097/JNN.0000000000000713
Arab, F., Saeedi, M., & Hekmatpou, D. (2026). The effect of distance empowerment program on the sense of coherence among multiple sclerosis patients: A quasi-experimental study. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 15, 15. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_1470_24
Bayat, F., Negarandeh, R., & Pashaeypoor, S. (2025). The effect of patient-centered empowerment program through telenursing on self-management in people with multiple sclerosis: a double-blinded randomized clinical trial. BMC Neurology, 25(1), 138. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-025-04148-x
Beslay, M., Geissbühler, Y., Beau, A. B., Messina, D., Benevent, J., Ballardini, E., ... & Damase-Michel, C. (2025). Identifying multiple sclerosis in women of childbearing age in six European countries: a contribution from the ConcePTION project. European Journal of Epidemiology, 40(8), 891-904. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-025-01264-3
Chiu, C. Y., & Motl, R. W. (2015). Further validation of the multiple sclerosis self-efficacy scale. Disability and Rehabilitation, 37(26), 2429-2438. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2015.1021022
Correia, I., Bernardes, C., Cunha, C., Nunes, C., Macário, C., Sousa, L., & Batista, S. (2024). Picturing the multiple sclerosis patient journey: a symptomatic overview. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(19), 5687. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13195687
Duguay, V., Comeau, D., Turgeon, T., Bouhamdani, N., Belanger, M., Weston, L., ... & Chamard-Witkowski, L. (2025). Evaluating the knowledge and information-seeking behaviors of people living with multiple sclerosis: Cross-sectional questionnaire study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 27, e63763. https://doi.org/10.2196/63763
ElBakry, S. T., Kasem, S. M., Abd-Elmaksoud, S. F., & Abd Elhameed, A. E. (2024). Quality of life and sleep profile in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients. Benha Medical Journal, 41(2), 93–105. https://doi.org/10.21608/bmfj.2024.241994.1918
Abd Elsalam S. N. & Ali R. A., (2022). Self-management guidelines: Effect on knowledge, fatigue, self-efficacy and medications adherence among patients with multiple sclerosis. Egyptian Journal of Health Care, 13(1), 1009-1024. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejhc.2022.222635
Graf, J., Akmatov, M. K., Meuth, S. G., Tremlett, H., & Holstiege, J. (2024). Updated multiple sclerosis incidence, 2015-2022. JAMA Neurology, 81(10), 1100-1102. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2024.2876
Habbestad, A., Willumsen, J. S., Aarseth, J. H., Grytten, N., Midgard, R., Wergeland, S., ... & Torkildsen, Ø. (2024). Increasing age of multiple sclerosis onset from 1920 to 2022: a population-based study. Journal of Neurology, 271(4), 1610-1617. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-023-12047-9
Hammad, M. A., Abdellah, A. M., Ibrahim, A. B., Salman, E. S., Tawfik, G., Magdy, G., ... & Zamzam, D. (2023). Multiple Sclerosis Patients Characteristics in Egypt. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, 80, 105228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2023.105228
Ilie, G., Murphy, S., MacDonald, C., & Rutledge, R. D. H. (2026). Digital delivery of a 6-month home-based empowerment program improves mental health in rural adults with chronic conditions: A single-arm prospective interventional trial. Digital Health, 12, 20552076251413351. https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076251413351
Kamel, A. D., Ghani, R. M. A., Alanazi, M. R., Metwaly, S. M., Ahmed, S. M., & Ibrahim, S. M. (2022). The burden of multiple sclerosis among postpartum women and self management's challenges: Pilot study of supportive program. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, 60, 103694. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2022.103694
Kapeller, A., & Loosman, I. (2023). Empowerment through health self-testing apps? Revisiting empowerment as a process. Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy, 26(1), 143-152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-022-10132-w
Khedr, E. M., El Malky, I., Hussein, H. B., Mahmoud, D. M., & Gamea, A. (2023). Multiple sclerosis diagnostic delay and its associated factors in Upper Egyptian patients. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 2249. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-28864-x
Kirk-Brown, A., Van Dijk, P., Cooper, B., Donohue, R., & Van Der Mei, I. (2026). Safe to stay: A longitudinal evaluation of the sequential relationship between psychological safety, work self-efficacy, fatigue, and employment exit intentions of employees with multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, 107015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2026.107015
Nurhidayati, T., Yusuf, A., & Indarwati, R. (2024). Types of Empowerments on Improving Hypertension among Elderly: A Systematic Review. The Malaysian Journal of Nursing (MJN), 16(1), 286-295. https://doi.org/10.31674/mjn.2024.v16i01.029
Ragab, A. A., El-Naby, A. G., & Shalaby, N. M. (2023). Effect of walking exercise on fatigue among patients with multiple sclerosis. Egyptian Nursing Journal, 20(1), 120-130. https://doi.org/10.4103/enj.enj_31_22
Raj, A., Dey, A., Rao, N., Yore, J., McDougal, L., Bhan, N., ... & Lundgren, R. (2024). The EMERGE framework to measure empowerment for health and development. Social Science & Medicine, 351, 116879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116879
Rigby, S. A., Domenech, C., Thornton, E. W., Tedman, S., & Young, C. A. (2003). Development and validation of a self-efficacy measure for people with multiple sclerosis: the Multiple Sclerosis Self-efficacy Scale. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 9(1), 73-81. https://doi.org/10.1191/1352458503ms870oa
Rizk, S. M, & Elmowafy, A. O. (2022). Effect of model-based educational intervention on improving treatment satisfaction and self-efficacy for patients with multiple sclerosis. Egyptian Journal of Health Care, 13(2), 2283–2302. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejhc.2022.409293
Robles-Sánchez, M. Á., Amil-Bujan, P., Bosch-Farré, C., Coll-Martínez, C., Arévalo, M. J., Anglada-Clofent, E., ... & Bertran-Noguer, C. (2025). An expert patient program for people living with multiple sclerosis improves knowledge and empowerment: a pre-test, post-test multicenter implementation study. Frontiers in Neurology, 16, 1581038. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1581038
Rooddehghan, Z., Sholehvar, M. S., Nejati, S., Haghani, S., & Karimi, R. (2024). Effect of self-care education on self-efficacy of patients with multiple sclerosis: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Psychology, 12(1), 764. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-02285-5
Rosas, Z. M. A., Reyes, A. F., Martínez, D. C., López, B. E., Saavedra, M. O., Escamilla, M. D. P. V., & Aguilar, A. E. (2026). Nursing assessment of people with Multiple Sclerosis. Salud Integral y Comunitaria, 4, 251-251. https://doi.org/10.62486/sic2026251
Tingey, J. L., Valentine, T. R., Kratz, A. L., Bentley, J. A., Ehde, D. M., & Alschuler, K. N. (2023). Self-efficacy trajectories of individuals newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Rehabilitation Psychology, 68(2), 204. https://doi.org/10.1037/rep0000487
Woo, M. S., Engler, J. B., & Friese, M. A. (2024). The neuropathobiology of multiple sclerosis. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 25(7), 493-513. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-024-00823-z
Zafar, S., Masih, S., & Mukhtar, M. (2025). Nurse-led educational intervention on health literacy and fatigue in multiple sclerosis patients. South Eastern European Journal of Public Health, 26, 203–209. https://doi.org/10.70135/seejph.vi.6522
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 The Malaysian Journal of Nursing (MJN)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
