Nursing Students’ Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Artificial Intelligence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31674/mjn.2026.v17i03.006Abstract
Background: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare education and practice is becoming increasingly prevalent. As future healthcare providers, nursing students' perceptions, knowledge, and attitudes toward AI technologies significantly influence their acceptance and utilization of these tools in clinical settings. Objectives: This study aimed to examine nursing students' knowledge and attitudes regarding artificial intelligence (AI), thereby providing critical insights that could guide future integration of this revolutionary technology into healthcare practices. Methods: This study employed a quantitative cross-sectional design, recruiting 250 nursing students via a convenience sample technique. The current study was conducted at the Kufa Technical Institute, Al-Najaf Governorate, Iraq. The study duration was seven months, starting in November 2024 and ending in May 2025. Data collection was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire that assessed participants’ knowledge of artificial intelligence and their attitudes toward artificial intelligence (ATAI), both of which were tested for reliability and validity. A pilot study confirmed the feasibility of the tools. Statistical analysis involved both descriptive and inferential statistics to explore the demographic influences on AI knowledge and attitudes, using a significance level of p < 0.05.
Results: The study revealed that the participants had a mean age of 20.88 years (SD = 0.63) and a median age of 21 years. Furthermore, the results provided vital information about nursing students' perceptions regarding AI technology, highlighting a critical gap in training that must be addressed to foster a workforce adept at utilizing AI effectively while preserving the essential human elements of nursing care. Conclusion: The results suggest that, while nursing students recognize the potential benefits of AI in healthcare settings, a significant gap remains in their knowledge and training regarding its application.
Keywords:
Attitudes, Artificial Intelligence, Knowledge, Nursing Students, Technology ModelDownloads
References
Adzim, M. R. S., Amirudin, M., Wulandari, S., Winata, R. H., Rias, Y. A., & Kep, M. (2025). Exploring nursing students’ intention to use artificial intelligence: a mixed-methods study based on technology acceptance model and theory of planned behavior. Holistic Nursing Plus, 3(2), 174-188. https://doi.org/10.58439/hnp.v3i2.365
Al-Adwan, A. S., Li, N., Al-Adwan, A., Abbasi, G. A., Albelbisi, N. A., & Habibi, A. (2023). Extending the technology acceptance model (TAM) to Predict University Students’ intentions to use metaverse-based learning platforms. Education and Information Technologies, 28(11), 15381-15413. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11816-3
Amiri, H., Peiravi, S., Shojaee, S. S. R., Rouhparvarzamin, M., Nateghi, M. N., Etemadi, M. H., ... & Anar, M, A. (2024). Medical, dental, and nursing students’ attitudes and knowledge towards artificial intelligence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Medical Education, 24(1), 412. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-05406-1
Cajita, M. I., Hodgson, N. A., Budhathoki, C., & Han, H. R. (2017). Intention to use mHealth in older adults with heart failure. The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 32(6), E1–E7. https://doi.org/10.1097/JCN.0000000000000401
Chocarro, R., Cortiñas, M., & Marcos-Matás, G. (2023). Teachers’ attitudes towards chatbots in education: a technology acceptance model approach considering the effect of social language, bot proactiveness, and users’ characteristics. Educational Studies, 49(2), 295-313. https://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2020.1850426
Cohen, A. K., Hoyt, L. T., & Dull, B. (2020). A descriptive study of covid-19-related experiences and perspectives of a national sample of college students in spring 2020. The Journal of Adolescent Health : Official Publication of The Society for Adolescent Medicine, 67(3), 369–375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.06.009
Davenport, T. H., & Ronanki, R. (2018). Artificial intelligence for the real world. Harvard Business Review, 96(1), 108-116. https://hbr.org/webinar/2018/02/artificial-intelligence-for-the-real-world
Khaled, E. M., & Elborai, S. A. (2024). Knowledge and attitude of nursing students regarding artificial intelligence. Egyptian Journal of Health Care, 15(3), 510-523. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejhc.2024.377035
Labrague, L. J., & Al Harrasi, M. (2025). Nursing students' perceptions of artificial intelligence (AI) using the technology acceptance model: A systematic review. Teaching and Learning in Nursing. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2025.02.032
Migdadi, M. K., Oweidat, I. A., Alosta, M. R., Al-Mugheed, K., Alabdullah, A. A. S., & Abdelaliem, S. M. F. (2024). The association of artificial intelligence ethical awareness, attitudes, anxiety, and intention-to-use artificial intelligence technology among nursing students. Digital Health, 10, 20552076241301958. https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241301958
Mun, M., Choi, S., & Woo, K. (2024). Investigating perceptions and attitude toward telenursing among undergraduate nursing students for the future of nursing education: A cross-sectional study. BMC Nursing, 23(1), 236. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-01903-2
Sandanasamy, S., McFarlane, P., Okamoto, Y., & Couper, A. L. (2025). Knowledge and attitudes of nursing students towards artificial intelligence and related factors: A systematic review. Journal of Nursing Reports in Clinical Practice, 3(6), 582-590. https://doi.org/10.32598/JNRCP.2408.1134
Scherer, R., Siddiq, F., & Tondeur, J. (2019). The technology acceptance model (TAM): A meta-analytic structural equation modeling approach to explaining teachers’ adoption of digital technology in education. Computers & Education, 128, 13-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2018.09.009
Shorey, S., Ang, E., Yap, J., Ng, E. D., Lau, S. T., & Chui, C. K. (2019). A virtual counseling application using artificial intelligence for communication skills training in nursing education: Development study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 21(10), e14658. https://doi.org/10.2196/14658
Şimşek, E., Kudubeş, A. A., & Şahin, R. S. (2025). The predictive effect of nursing students' attitudes and acceptance towards artificial intelligence on their clinical competencies. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 20(3), e806-e814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2025.02.036
Sit, C., Srinivasan, R., Amlani, A., Muthuswamy, K., Azam, A., Monzon, L., & Poon, D. S. (2020). Attitudes and perceptions of UK medical students towards artificial intelligence and radiology: A multicentre survey. Insights into Imaging, 11(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13244-019-0830-7
Sumengen, A. A., Subasi, D. O., & Cakir, G. N. (2025). Nursing students' attitudes and literacy toward artificial intelligence: A cross-sectional study. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 20(1), e250-e257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2024.10.022
Topol, E. (2019). Deep medicine: How artificial intelligence can make healthcare human again. Hachette UK. https://shorturl.at/9HvSz
Vanduhe, V. Z., Nat, M., & Hasan, H. F. (2020). Continuance intentions to use gamification for training in higher education: Integrating the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), social motivation, and task technology fit (TTF). Ieee Access, 8, 21473-21484. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2966179
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 The Malaysian Journal of Nursing (MJN)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.































