The Effect of Preterm Neonates Position on their Gastric Residual Volume at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Abstract

Background: The early initiation of enteral feeding in preterm neonates is crucial for promoting the maturation and functional development of their underdeveloped gastrointestinal system. Additionally, ensuring appropriate positioning for preterm neonates is vital for maintaining physiological stability and optimising their nutritional outcomes. Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of different positions on gastric residual volume for preterm neonates at neonatal intensive care units. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was utilised. The study was carried out at the Neonatal Intensive Care Units in Mostafa Hassan Hospital, Fayoum University, and Fayoum General Hospital, both affiliated with the Ministry of Health in Egypt. A purposive sample of 60 preterm neonates in the previously mentioned settings satisfies the inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were two tools used to collect data for the study. The first was a simple questionnaire sheet used to get personal and medical information from preterm babies and their mothers. The second was a gastric residual volume record sheet used to measure the gastric residual volume before formula feeding. Results: The study findings demonstrated that the prone position was associated with the minimum gastric residual volume, whereas the supine position showed the highest. A statistically significant difference was identified concerning gastric residual volume between the study and control groups on the first and second days when comparing prone and supine positions, with a p-value of <0.001. Conclusion: The present study showed that the lowest gastric residual volume was found with the prone position, followed by the right lateral position, and then the supine position. The research findings supported the researcher's hypothesis. Recommendation: Prone and right lateral positions should be integrated into daily practices as effective positions for reducing gastric residual volumes in preterm neonates following feeding.