Contemplation to Maintenance: Facilitating Physical Activity among Pregnant Women
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31674/mjn.2024.v16i01.027Abstract
Background: Physical activity during pregnancy is vital for maternal health and positive outcomes for both mother and baby. Despite its benefits, many pregnant women find it challenging to exercise regularly. The Stages of Change Model offers a framework to understand and facilitate this behaviour change. Objective: This study aimed to explore the stages of change in physical activity behaviours among pregnant women in Mosul, identifying barriers and facilitators specific to this context to inform tailored interventions. Methods: A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving 300 pregnant women from antenatal clinics in Mosul. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing their physical activity levels, stage of change, and related factors. Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with healthcare providers provided qualitative insights. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression. Qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. Results: Most participants were in the contemplation (30%) and preparation (25%) stages, showing awareness of physical activity benefits but inconsistent engagement. Barriers included lack of time (45%), fatigue (40%), and unsafe exercise environments (35%). Facilitators were support from healthcare providers (50%), prenatal exercise programs (30%), and social support (25%). Progression through the stages was predicted by higher education (OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.3-3.4), lower BMI (OR = 0.8, 95% CI = 0.6-0.9), strong social support (OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.5-4.1), and a positive attitude towards physical activity (OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.8-5.0). Over 50% of participants reported regular activity, indicating improved adherence to exercise guidelines. Conclusion: The study reveals varying physical activity levels among pregnant women in Mosul and the influencing factors at different stages of change. Tailored interventions addressing specific barriers and leveraging facilitators can effectively promote physical activity during pregnancy. The Stages of Change Model provides a structured approach to support pregnant women in adopting and maintaining physical activity.
Keywords:
Barriers, Facilitators, Mosul, Physical Activity, Maternal Health, Pregnancy, Stages of Change Model, Tailored InterventionsDownloads
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