Uncovering the Multifaceted Influences on Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Incidence in Public Health Centre, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31674/mjn.2024.v16i01.009Abstract
Background: Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an emergency disease that often occurs. Lack of knowledge, poor management of self-care, and stress are different factors that promote an increase in blood sugar levels. The objective of this study is to determine the contributing factors between self-care, knowledge, and stress related to the incidence of T2DM in the Public Health Center, Indonesia. Methods: This research used a correlational design with a cross-sectional approach during the period of July 3rd–August 3rd, 2023. Samples were chosen from 92 respondents with G Power correlation test. The research was conducted at the Public Health Center in Kediri City, Indonesia. The technique used in sample selection was purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria, namely T2DM patients aged 36–65 years, able to read and write, and willing to be the respondents in this study. The instruments used are three factorials developed by researchers, which include self-care, knowledge, and stress. The content validity index of the research instrument was validated and assessed by five experts. Bivariate analysis of the Spearman statistical test. Results: The statistical test shows a significant value for all of the variables, with P-value = 0.000 and Rho = 0.631 for self-care management, P-value = 0.012 and Rho = 0.305 for knowledge, and P-value = 0.023 and Rho = 0.187 for stress factor. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that self-care management, knowledge, and stress have significantly affected the incidence of T2DM.
Keywords:
Hypoglycemia, Multifaceted Influences, Type-2 Diabetes MellitusDownloads
References
Alhaik, S., Anshasi, H. A., Alkhawaldeh, J., Soh, K. L., & Naji, A. M. (2019). An assessment of self-care knowledge among patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews, 13(1), 390–394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2018.10.010
Alkethiri, K., Almtroudi, T., Jurays, A. bin, Abanumay, F., Aldammas, M., AlKhodheer, M., Iqbal, M., Habib, S. S., & Bashir, S. (2021). The relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus with cognitive functions. Heliyon, 7(3), e06358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.047
Alodhayani, A., Almutairi, K. M., Vinluan, J. M., Almigbal, T. H., Alonazi, W. B., Ali Batais, M., & Mohammed Alnassar, M. (2021). Association between self-care management practices and glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Saud Arabia: A cross –sectional study. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 28(4), 2460–2465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.047
Banjarnahor, R. O., Siregar, F. A., & Asfriyati, A. (2023). Path Analysis on the Effect of Stress, Sleep Quality, and Hypertension on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Incidence in the 30–60 years Age Group in Medan City. Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health, 5(4), 1169-1183. https://dx.doi.org/10.30829/contagion.v5i4.17688
Basha, E., & Kaya, M. (2016). Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS): The Study of Validity and Reliability. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 4(12), 2701–2705. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2016.041202
Bays, H. E. (2023). Why does type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Impair Weight Reduction in Patients with Obesity ? A Review. Obesity Pillars, 7(6), 100076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obpill.2023.100076
Chen, S., Qian, D., Burström, K., & Burström, B. (2020). Impact of an educational intervention in primary care on fasting blood glucose levels and diabetes knowledge among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in rural China. Patient Education and Counseling, 103(9), 1767–1773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2020.03.010
Chircop, J., Sheffield, D., & Kotera, Y. (2021). Systematic review of self-monitoring of blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes. Nursing Research, 70(6), 487- 497. https://doi.org/10.1097/nnr.0000000000000542
Cho, N., & Williams, R. (2019). IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edn (P. S. Suvi Karuranga, Belma Malanda, Pouya Saeedi (ed.); 9th ed.). IDF Diabetes Atlas. https://diabetesatlas.org/upload/resources/material/20200302_133351_IDFATLAS9e-final-web.pdf
Hadgu, R., Worede, A., & Ambachew, S. (2024). Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and associated factors among adult type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, 2000–2022: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic Reviews, 13(1), 119. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-024-02527-y
Halim, M., & Halim, A. (2019). The effects of inflammation, aging and oxidative stress on the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes). Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews, 13(2), 1165–1172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2019.01.040
Ingrosso, D. M. F., Primavera, M., Samvelyan, S., Tagi, V. M., & Chiarelli, F. (2023). Stress and Diabetes Mellitus: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Clinical Outcome. Hormone Research in Paediatrics, 96(1), 34–43. https://doi.org/10.1159/000522431
Jafar, N., Huriyati, E., Haryani, & Setyawati, A. (2023). Enhancing knowledge of Diabetes self-management and quality of life in people with Diabetes Mellitus by using Guru Diabetes Apps-based health coaching. Journal of Public Health Research, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036231186338
Jannoo, Z., & Mamode Khan, N. (2019). Medication Adherence and Diabetes Self-Care Activities among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Value in Health Regional Issues, 18, 30–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vhri.2018.06.003
Lee, W. C., Mokhtar, S. S., Munisamy, S., Yahaya, S., & Rasool, A. H. G. (2018). Vitamin D status and oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus. Cellular and Molecular Biology, 64(7), 60–69. https://doi.org/10.14715/cmb/2018.64.7.11
Lewing, B., Abughosh, S. M., Lal, L. S., Essien, E. J., Sansgiry, S., & Sansgiry, S. S. (2022). Patient , physician , and health system factors associated with five types of inadequate care during management of type-2 diabetes mellitus in the United States. Diabetes Epidemiology and Management, 6, 100046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.deman.2021.100046
Maina, P. M., Pienaar, M., & Reid, M. (2023). Self-management practices for preventing complications of type II diabetes mellitus in low and middle-income countries: A scoping review. International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances, 5, 100136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnsa.2023.100136
Mehta, R., Griffiths, B., Lim, L., Manne-goehler, J., & Pearson-, J. (2023). Improving Health Outcomes of People with Diabetes Mellitus: Global Target Setting to Reduce the Burden of Diabetes Mellitus by 2030. PMC Journal, 401(10384), 1302–1312. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00001-6.Improving
Memon, M. A., Ting, H., Cheah, J. H., Thurasamy, R., Chuah, F., & Cham, T. H. (2020). Sample size for survey research: Review and recommendations. Journal of Applied Structural Equation Modeling, 4(2), 1-20. https://dx.doi.org/10.47263/JASEM.4(2)01
Merabet, N., Lucassen, P. J., Crielaard, L., Stronks, K., Quax, R., Sloot, P. M. A., la Fleur, S. E., & Nicolaou, M. (2022). How exposure to chronic stress contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes: A complexity science approach. Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, 65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100972
Mewes, D., Wäldchen, M., Knoll, C., Raile, K., & Braune, K. (2023). Variability of Glycemic Outcomes and Insulin Requirements Throughout the Menstrual Cycle: A Qualitative Study on Women With Type 1 Diabetes Using an Open-Source Automated Insulin Delivery System. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, 17(5), 1304–1316. https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968221080199
Ngueta, G., Ruddy, S., & Ndjaboue, R. (2022). Race / Ethnicity versus cotinine-based smoking status in relation to glycemic control in US adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Epidemiology and Management, 7, 100086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.deman.2022.100086
Saiful, M., & Yusoff, B. (2019). ABC of Content Validation and Content Validity Index Calculation. 11(2), 49–54. https://doi.org/10.21315/eimj2019.11.2.6
Sarli, D. (2019). Analysis of Maternal and Perinatal Labour Complications with Mother Who Have Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Malaysian Journal of Medical Research (MJMR), 3(2), 17-24. https://doi.org/10.31674/mjmr.2019.v03i02.002
Sh, S., Hsu, Y. Y., Toobert, D. J., & Wang, S. T. (2019). The Validity and Reliability of The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire: An Indonesian Version. Indonesian Nursing Journal of Education and Clinic (Injec), 4(1), 25. https://doi.org/10.24990/injec.v4i1.229
Sharma, K., Akre, S., Chakole, S., & Wanjari, M. B. (2022). Stress-Induced Diabetes: A Review. Cureus, 14(9), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29142
Shrivastva, A., Phadnis, S., Rao, K., & Gore, M. (2020). A study on knowledge and self-care practices about Diabetes Mellitus among patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus attending selected tertiary healthcare facilities in coastal Karnataka. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 8(3), 689-692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2020.01.003
Sigal, R. J., Armstrong, M. J., Bacon, S. L., Boulé, N. G., Dasgupta, K., Kenny, G. P., & Riddell, M. C. (2018). Physical Activity and Diabetes. Canadian Journal of Diabetes, 42, S54–S63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.10.008
Sirait, H. S., Said, F. M., & Mohamad, N. A. (2024). Successful Aspects and Impacts of Diabetic Foot Exercise Among Indonesian Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Literature Review. International Journal of Advancement in Life Sciences Research, 7(2), 9-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31632/ijalsr.2024.v07i02.002
Taber, K.S. (2018). The Use of Cronbach’s Alpha When Developing and Reporting Research Instruments in Science Education. Research in Science Education, 48, 1273–1296 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2
Tamiru, S., Dugassa, M., Amsalu, B., Bidira, K., Bacha, L., & Tsegaye, D. (2023). Effects of Nurse-Led Diabetes Self-Management Education on Self-Care Knowledge and Self-Care Behavior among Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Quasi-Experimental study design. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 18(2), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2023.100548
Tang, L., Chang, S. J., Chen, C. J., & Liu, J. T. (2020). Non-invasive blood glucose monitoring technology: A review. Sensors (Switzerland), 20(23), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236925
Tunsuchart, K., Lerttrakarnnon, P., Srithanaviboonchai, K., Likhitsathian, S., & Skulphan, S. (2020). Type 2 diabetes mellitus related distress in Thailand. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(7), 2329. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072329
Zakiudin, A., Irianto, G., & Badrujamaludin, A. (2022). Validation of the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire ( DKQ ) with an Indonesian Population. 2022, 99–108. https://doi.org/10.18502/kme.v2i2.11072
Zhang, P., Li, T., Wu, X., Nice, E. C., Huang, C., & Zhang, Y. (2020). Oxidative stress and diabetes: antioxidative strategies. Frontiers of Medicine, 14(5), 583–600. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-019-0729-1
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 The Malaysian Journal of Nursing (MJN)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
