Covid-19 Health Education and Promotion Strategies for Children: An Integrative Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31674/mjn.2023.v15i01.018Abstract
Children during the COVID-19 pandemic are considered a vulnerable age group and a primary focus of health education and promotion. Various platforms and approaches were noted in research and non-research studies; however, their applications to children are uncommon. This study explored the COVID-19 health education and promotion (HEP) strategies designed appropriately for children through an integrative review. A total of sixty-nine (69) articles were identified from PubMed and ScienceDirect are imported to Covidence for screening. Twelve (12) articles were identified that met the criteria for inclusion. Of the 12 articles, five are research articles and seven are non-research articles (theoretical). Six (6) of the articles come from the region of the Americas (AMR), three from the European Region (EUR), and three from the West Pacific Region (WPR). The study shows that social media and website-based information and learning are the most used platforms for disseminating information related to COVID-19, and several approaches to health education and promotion were identified. This integrative review provides valuable insight into the various HEP strategies for Children, which can be redesigned and customized to strengthen the existing COVID-19-related health initiatives and campaigns specifically for children. Moreover, this study can be utilized to develop a direction for future research on epidemic-related health education and promotion for children.
Keywords:
Child, COVID-19, Health Education, Health PromotionDownloads
References
Aung, M. N., Yuasa, M., Koyanagi, Y., Aung, T. N. N., Moolphate, S., Matsumoto, H., & Yoshioka, T. (2020). Sustainable Health Promotion for The Seniors During COVID-19 Outbreak: A Lesson from Tokyo. Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 14(4), 328–331. https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.12684
Badri, M., Alnuaimi, A., Al Rashedi, A., Yang, G., & Temsah, K. (2017). School Children’s Use of Digital Devices, social media and Parental Knowledge and Involvement – The Case of Abu Dhabi. Education and Information Technologies, 22(5), 2645–2664. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-016-9557-y
Bellizzi, S., Sanna, C., Amadori, A., Pichierri, J., & Pichierri, G. (2020). COVID ‐19 and Children. From Luis Sepulveda to Madam Mim. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 56(7), 1156–1157. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.15040
Bray, L., Carter, B., Blake, L., Saron, H., Kirton, J. A., Robichaud, F., Avila, M., Ford, K., Nafria, B., Forsner, M., Nilsson, S., Chelkowski, A., Middleton, A., Rullander, A.-C., Mattsson, J., & Protheroe, J. (2021). “People Play It Down and Tell Me It Can’t Kill People, But I Know People Are Dying Each Day”. Children’s Health Literacy Relating to A Global Pandemic (COVID-19); An International Cross Sectional Study. PLOS ONE, 16(2), e0246405. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246405
Bryan, M. A., Evans, Y., Morishita, C., Midamba, N., & Moreno, M. (2020). Parental Perceptions of The Internet and social media As a Source of Pediatric Health Information. Academic Pediatrics, 20(1), 31–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2019.09.009
Bubadué, R. de M., Santos, C. C. T. dos, & Ferreira, I. (2020). Health Education Workshops with Children in The Context Of COVID-19 Pandemic. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 73(suppl 2), e20200593. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0593
Carroll, N., Sadowski, A., Laila, A., Hruska, V., Nixon, M., Ma, D., Haines, J., & on behalf of the Guelph Family Health Study. (2020). The Impact Of COVID-19 On Health Behavior, Stress, Financial and Food Security Among Middle to High Income Canadian Families with Young Children. Nutrients, 12(8), 2352. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12082352
Cheung, A. T., Li, W. H. C., Ho, L. L. K., Chan, G. C. F., & Chung, J. O. K. (2020). Health Support to Pediatric Cancer Survivors and Their Families During The COVID‐19 Pandemic. Pediatric Blood & Cancer, 67(11). https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.28441
Dong, Y., Mo, X., Hu, Y., Qi, X., Jiang, F., Jiang, Z., & Tong, S. (2020). Epidemiology of COVID-19 Among Children in China. Pediatrics, 145(6), e20200702. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-0702
Ghia, J.-E., Gaulin, S., Ghia, L., Garancher, L., & Flamand, C. (2020). Informing Children Citizens Efficiently to Better Engage Them in The Fight Against COVID-19 Pandemic. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 14(11), e0008828. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008828
Goldschmidt, K. (2020). The COVID-19 Pandemic: Technology Use to Support the Wellbeing of Children. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 53, 88–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2020.04.013
Goodyear, V. A., & Armour, K. M. (2021). Young People’s Health-Related Learning Through social media: What Do Teachers Need to Know? Teaching and Teacher Education, 102, 103340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2021.103340
Gray, D. J., Kurscheid, J., Mationg, M. L., Williams, G. M., Gordon, C., Kelly, M., Wangdi, K., & McManus, D. P. (2020). Health-Education to Prevent COVID-19 In Schoolchildren: A Call to Action. Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 9(1), 81. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00695-2
Grech, P., & Grech, R. (2021). The Role of Health Promotion Theories in Stroke Awareness and Education. Applied Nursing Research: ANR, 58, 151415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2021.151415
Hamm, M. P., Shulhan, J., Williams, G., Milne, A., Scott, S. D., & Hartling, L. (2014). A Systematic Review of The Use and Effectiveness of social media In Child Health. BMC Pediatrics, 14(1), 138. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-14-138
Hubley, S., Moldow, E., Robbins, C., Harper, B., Martin, C., & Zhou, S. (2020). The Impact of Entertainment Education for Social and Emotional Learning in Elementary Schools. American Journal of Health Education, 51(5), 299–309. https://doi.org/10.1080/19325037.2020.1795751
Islam, B., Ahmed, A., Islam, K., & Shamsuddin, A. K. (2014). Child Education Through Animation: An Experimental Study. International Journal of Computer Graphics & Animation, 4(4), 43–52. https://doi.org/10.5121/ijcga.2014.4404
Kamidani, S., Rostad, C. A., & Anderson, E. J. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccine Development: A Pediatric Perspective. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 33(1), 144–151. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOP.0000000000000978
Kawabe, K., Hosokawa, R., Nakachi, K., Yoshino, A., Horiuchi, F., & Ueno, S. (2020). Making A Brochure About Coronavirus Disease (COVID ‐19) For Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Family Members. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 74(9), 498–499. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13090
Kirby, T. (2021). New Variant Of SARS-Cov-2 In UK Causes Surge Of COVID-19. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 9(2), e20–e21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00005-9
Klein, J. D., Koletzko, B., El-Shabrawi, M. H., Hadjipanayis, A., Thacker, N., & Bhutta, Z. (2020). Promoting and Supporting Children’s Health and Healthcare During COVID-19 – International Paediatric Association Position Statement. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 105(7), 620–624. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2020-319370
Phelps, C., & Sperry, L. L. (2020). Children and the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 12(S1), S73–S75. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000861
Qi, K., Zeng, W., Ye, M., Zheng, L., Song, C., Hu, S., Duan, C., Wei, Y., Peng, J., Zhang, W., & Xu, J. (2021). Clinical, Laboratory, And Imaging Features of Pediatric COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medicine, 100(15), e25230. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000025230
Reardon, R., Beyer, L., Carpenter, K., Irwin, M., Kester, K., Laird, J., Moore, C., Shah, P., & Conrad, R. (2020). Medical Student Development Of K-12 Educational Resources During The COVID-19 Pandemic. Academic Pediatrics, 20(6), 763–764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2020.05.022
Rohana Mansor, N., Zakaria, R., Abd. Rashid, R., Mohd Arifin, R., Hairiel Abd Rahim, B., Zakaria, R., & Abd. Razak, M. T. (2020). A Review Survey on The Use Computer Animation in Education. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 917, 012021. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/917/1/012021
Singh, A., & Vellakkal, S. (2021). Impact Of Public Health Programs on Maternal and Child Health Services and Health Outcomes in India: A Systematic Review. Social Science & Medicine, 274, 113795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113795
Singh, S., Roy, D., Sinha, K., Parveen, S., Sharma, G., & Joshi, G. (2020). Impact Of COVID-19 And Lockdown on Mental Health of Children and Adolescents: A Narrative Review with Recommendations. Psychiatry Research, 293, 113429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113429
Sivaraman, M., Virues‐Ortega, J., & Roeyers, H. (2021). Telehealth Mask Wearing Training for Children with Autism During the COVID ‐19 Pandemic. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 54(1), 70–86. https://doi.org/10.1002/jaba.802
Stark, A. M., White, A. E., Rotter, N. S., & Basu, A. (2020). Shifting From Survival to Supporting Resilience in Children and Families in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons for Informing U.S. Mental Health Priorities. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 12(S1), S133–S135. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000781
Torjesen, I. (2021). Covid-19: Omicron May Be More Transmissible Than Other Variants and Partly Resistant to Existing Vaccines, Scientists Fear. BMJ, n2943. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n2943
UNICEF. (2021). Covid-19 Confirmed Cases and Death. https://data.unicef.org/resources/covid-19-confirmed-cases-and-deaths-dashboard/ , Accessed on 18th January, 2023
Varda, D. M., & Talmi, A. (2018). Social Connectedness in Family Social Support Networks: Strengthening Systems of Care for Children with Special Health Care Needs. EGEMs (Generating Evidence & Methods to Improve Patient Outcomes), 6(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.5334/egems.232
World Health Organization. (2021a). COVID-19 Weekly Epidemiological Update. https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-epidemiological-update-on-covid-19---20-april-2021. Accessed on 20th April, 2021
World Health Organization. (2021b). World Health Statistics 2021: Monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240027053 , , Accessed on January 19th January, 2023.
Younie, S., Mitchell, C., Bisson, M.-J., Crosby, S., Kukona, A., & Laird, K. (2020). Improving Young Children’s Handwashing Behaviour and Understanding of Germs: The Impact of a Germ’s Journey Educational Resources in Schools and Public Spaces. PLOS ONE, 15(11), e0242134. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242134
Zenone, M. A., Cianfrone, M., Sharma, R., Majid, S., Rakhra, J., Cruz, K., Costales, S., Sekhon, M., Mathias, S., Tugwell, A., & Barbic, S. (2021). Supporting Youth 12–24 During The COVID-19 Pandemic: How Foundry Is Mobilizing to Provide Information, Resources and Hope Across the Province of British Columbia. Global Health Promotion, 28(1), 51–59. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757975920984196
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 The Malaysian Journal of Nursing (MJN)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
