The Malaysian Journal of Nursing (MJN)

Message from the Editor in Chief

Prof. Datuk Dr. Hjh. Bibi Florina Abdullah — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Depressive Symptoms and Coping Strategies among University Students: A Cross-sectional Study

Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Adjusting to life on campus and attending a university course for the first time might be challenging for university students. Students who are having difficulties adjusting to college life are more likely to experience depressive symptoms. The detrimental impacts of depression on college students have drawn attention from across the world. The study investigated the prevalence of depressive symptoms and coping strategies among university students in a private healthcare university in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Methods: This study employed a quantitative cross-sectional survey design. A total of 293 participants were recruited from a private healthcare university using convenient sampling. The sample size was determined using a sample size calculator, ensuring a confidence interval of 95% with a 5% margin of error. Data was collected through self-administered survey questionnaires comprising the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and brief COPE scales. Data were analysed using SPSS software version 26.0. Descriptive statistics and chi-square were applied to analyse and summarise the data. Results: According to the findings of the study, 71.6% of students reported having depressed symptoms overall. Furthermore, 17.4% of university students reported having borderline depressed symptoms, and 47.1% reported having moderate depressive symptoms. Additionally, the results showed that 6.1% and 1.0%, respectively, had severe and extreme depression symptoms. When it came to depressive symptoms, male students scored higher (74.8%) than female students (69.7%). Emotion-focused coping (positive reframing 6.38±1.12) was the most frequently used, followed by problem-focused coping (active coping 6.26±1.11). Also, 48.92% of the students employed adaptive coping strategies, whereas 35.21% employed maladaptive ones. Conclusion: Among students in higher education, depression symptoms are very common. The results may be used to develop staff and student awareness campaigns and mental health awareness programs that will lessen the effects of depression and improve university students' quality of life.

Enhancing Maternal Care: Exploring the Psychometric Properties of Antenatal Care Satisfaction Instrument

Preethy Dinesan, Sheeba Marwah, Hariprasath Pandurangan — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: The quality of antenatal care dispensed to pregnant women is vital for her adherence to antenatal schedules and compliance. However, most of the instruments currently used in India are either non-validated or reflect fragmented models of care. Objective: To develop an “Antenatal Care Satisfaction Instrument” to assess the satisfaction of pregnant women regarding the care received in a public health care facility. Methods: The initial instrument was developed after reviewing the relevant literature and referring the standards developed by various agencies. This was then given to subject matter experts for ensuring the content validity, subsequently, field testing was done in a sample of 300 pregnant women. Further, the exploratory factor analysis was done to confirm the construct validity. Principal component method and Varimax rotation method were used to extract the items, Internal reliability was assessed by Cronbach Alpha. Results: Initially developed 42 items were reduced to 32 after assessing the content validity by CVI –I (>0.78) and CVI –S (0.8). The items were reduced to 20, under five factors as determined by the exploratory factor analysis. Factor V was omitted as Cronbach alpha is 0.45. Thus, the final instrument contains 18 items with four factors, respectful maternity care, interpersonal behaviour, antenatal education, structural aspects of OPD, and preparation for motherhood. Conclusion: The Antenatal Care Satisfaction Instrument (ACSI) can be used as a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the satisfaction of pregnant women and thus to enhance antenatal care.

Nursing Students’ Comfort with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Patient Care: The Role of Self-efficacy and Socio-demographic Factors

Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Providing high-quality and culturally competent care to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) patients is essential in nursing. However, there are still reports of challenges in feeling comfortable and confident in delivering care to this population. Understanding the factors influencing nursing students' comfort levels in caring for LGBT patients, such as self-efficacy and socio-demographic variables, is crucial for nursing education and practice. This study assessed the association of socio-demographic factors and self-efficacy with senior nursing students' comfort levels when providing care to LGBT patients. Methods: This study employed a quantitative, descriptive-correlational, cross-sectional survey design. A total of 179 out of 186 nursing students from two selected universities in the Philippines participated in the online survey conducted between April and May 2023. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire comprising three sections. Descriptive statistics, along with the Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman’s rho, and Kruskal-Wallis test, were used for data analysis. Results: The study demonstrated that senior nursing students were highly comfortable caring for LGBT patients. There were significant differences in the comfort levels based on the type of university, gender identity, sexual orientation, religiosity, and presence of LGBT family member/s. There was a significant, moderately positive correlation between the self-efficacy and comfort levels of senior nursing students caring for LGBT patients. Conclusion: Nursing education programs should actively enhance students' self-efficacy in providing care to LGBT patients, fostering greater comfort and competence in delivering culturally responsive and inclusive healthcare.

Assessment of Nutritional Knowledge in Spinal Cord Injury Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

Ali Abdulridha Shalash, Ayad Majid Mousa — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI) are encountered a myriad of dietary complexities, stemming from altered energy expenditure, metabolic variations, digestive concerns, susceptibility to pressure ulcers, and apprehensions regarding bone health. Despite the paramount significance of nutrition within this demographic, a gap persists in the availability of tailored educational programs for SCI patients. Existing literature underscores the profound impact that heightened nutritional awareness can have on the overall health outcomes of individuals with SCI. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the nutritional management knowledge of spinal cord injury patients to better understand their dietary comprehension and associated factors. Methods: Employing a descriptive, cross-sectional design, a purposive sample of 30 SCI patients was surveyed at the Ibn AL-Kuff Hospital in Baghdad City for Spinal Cord Injuries. A self-report questionnaire comprising 20 true/false/I don't know questions was utilised to assess patients' knowledge across various nutritional management domains. Data analysis involved frequency, mean, standard deviation calculations, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that gender and marital status did not significantly impact patients' nutritional knowledge levels (p-values of 0.92 and 0.74, respectively), suggesting minimal influence of these demographic factors on SCI patients' understanding of nutritional management. Conclusions: The study indicates a notable deficiency in nutritional management knowledge among SCI patients, potentially predisposing them to nutritional challenges. While gender and marital status seem insignificant, demographic variables like age, education level, occupation, and income play pivotal roles in shaping patients' nutritional understanding. Tailored educational initiatives, healthcare professional involvement, regular nutritional evaluations, and easily accessible information are recommended to enhance nutritional management knowledge among SCI patients.

The Anxiety of Patients with Hand Fixation (Restrain) in Intensive Care Unit

Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Treatment of patients with agitation and attempts to remove IV tubes, mechanical ventilators, nasogastric tubes, and catheter urine, the health worker will perform fixation on the hand, often called restraint. This action needs attention because it has several impacts on the patient, one of which is anxiety. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyse differences in anxiety in patients with restraint or conventional hand fixation with hand fixation or modified restraints. Methods: The research method uses a quasi-experimental post-test design by comparing the final results of anxiety. The population is patients who are hospitalised in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at Kediri Baptist Hospital. The research sample was 54 respondents using a purposive sampling technique. The inclusion criteria were total care patients, patients who received restraints and had a RASS value > +1, and patient exclusions were patients receiving care less than twice in 24 hours. The independent variable is conventional restraint and modified restraints. Control group with restraint or conventional hand fixation with the intervention group using hand fixation or modified restraints. The dependent variable is anxiety using FAS (Face Anxiety Scale). Research has obtained ethical clearance. Statistical test using Mann Whitney (a < 0.05). Results: The experimental group had 22.2% not anxious, 33.3% mildly anxious, 44.4% moderately anxious, and no severe cases, while the control group had 3.7%, 48.1%, 11.1%, and 37.0%, respectively, showing the intervention use modified restraints reduced severe anxiety. The results of statistical tests were found that the Z value was -1.976 (> ± 1.96). It indicates that there was a difference in anxiety between the patient with hand fixation experimental group and the control group. The p-value, which was obtained, was 0.039, indicating that the difference between the experimental group and the control group was significant. Conclusion: There is a significant difference in the use of hand fixation or conventional restraints with modifications, it is necessary to continue to develop restraint devices that are safe and can reduce patient anxiety in the inpatient room.

Effectiveness of an Educational Intervention on Patients' Knowledge of Dietary Management during Maintenance Hemodialysis

Saif Saeed AL-Musawi, Ayad Majid Mousa — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Dietary management is a crucial aspect to take into account for patients with end-stage renal disease who are on the maintenance hemodialysis. Objectives the aim of the current study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention on hemodialysis patients' knowledge about dietary management. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted at the hemodialysis unit of Al Zahraa Teaching Hospital in Wasit Governorate, Iraq, from October 15th, 2023, to April 15th, 2024. A non-probability (purposive) sample comprises 70 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis who were divided randomly into study group and the control group. The study instrument was a questionnaire that consisted of demographic data, clinical information, and the Scale for Dietary Knowledge in Hemodialysis Patients (SDKHP) to evaluate patients' knowledge about dietary management. The descriptive data were analyzed by frequency, mean, and percent. Inferential data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test, the Wilcoxon signed rank test, and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The findings of the present study demonstrated a highly significant mean ranks (53.00, 18.00), respectively, differences regarding knowledge of dietary management for the study and control groups after the educational intervention, as indicated by the computed Mann-Whitney test value (630.000) at p ≤ 0.000.Conclusions: it is concluded that application of an educational intervention through lecture, discussion, and booklet administration significantly enhanced the maintenance hemodialysis patients' knowledge toward dietary management. Recommendations: it is recommended to provide flyers, audiovisuals, posters, and booklets related to dietary management to the patients undergoing hemodialysis and their caregivers.

Experiences of Parents in Providing Care and Support to their Children with Cancer While Striving for Resilience in East Kalimantan: A Qualitative Study

Sumiati Sinaga, Zamzaliza Abdul Mulud — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Childhood cancer presents a life-altering experience for both the child and the parent. The uncertainty surrounding health conditions, the fear of losing their child, the demanding requirement of time and energy for continuous caregiving, and the financial strain can lead parents to experience considerable stress, ultimately impacting their quality of life and their ability to provide optimal care for their child. Research methods: This study sought to investigate the experience of resilience among parents caring for a child with cancer, employing a phenomenological approach. The study involved 11 mothers whose children were receiving treatment at a cancer referral hospital in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique, and semi-structured interviews were conducted individually with each participant. Thematic analysis was employed for data analysis. Results: Three themes emerged from the interviews: the profound impact experienced by parents, their endeavor to regain strength, and the fluctuating emotions encountered during the adaptation process. Conclusion: Attaining resilience involves traversing challenging phases characterized by both moments of strength and vulnerability. The support received from their immediate community proves invaluable in aiding parents to adapt to evolving circumstances, enabling them to fulfill their roles as caregivers and provide optimal care for their children.

Effectiveness of Nursing Instructional Program on Medication Adherence for Patients with Heart Failure

Ghufran Jameel Chyead, Haider Mohammed Haloob — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Heart failure (HF) is an important cause of death, first described as an emerging epidemic about 25 years ago. The frequency of HF keeps increasing, despite efforts to stop or delay the beginning of cardiovascular disease. Presently, the overall number of heart failure patients continues to rise due to the ageing and growing populations in certain areas. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the nursing instructional program on medication adherence for patients with heart failure. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was used. A non-probability purposive sample of 70 patients was selected consisting of a study group that were exposed to the nursing instructional program, and a control group. A well-designed questionnaire consisting of three parts Demographic Data, Clinical Data and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) was constructed. Results: The study's findings indicated that medication adherence and pre-test scores were not significantly different for the study group from the control group, but post-test medication adherence scores were higher in the study group than the control group. Conclusion: The implementation of the instructional session significantly improved medication adherence among patients in the study group compared to the control group. This observed difference highlights the effectiveness of the instructional program in enhancing adherence, underscoring its potential as a targeted intervention for improving patient outcomes. It is necessary to add an instructional and guidance nursing unit to improve health outcomes for heart failure patients by providing an integrated counselling program for all patients.

Effect of Health Education Interventions on Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviour of Women Experiencing Infertility

Dewi Puspitaningrum, Mohammad Zen Rahfiludin, Zahroh Shaluhiyah, Sri Winarni — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Prevention and management of infertility are important issues in reproductive health services. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of an educational model for primary infertile women. Methods: A quasi-experimental design and General Linear Model Repeated Measures (GLM-RM) test were used in a population of 80 couples at KRMT Wongsonegoro Hospital and 50 couples at Tugurejo Semarang Regional Hospital. The minimum sample size was 25 individuals, determined using the Lameshow formula and inclusion criteria. An additional 20% was added, resulting in 30 people in the intervention group, who participated in a module and direct practice for six weeks, and 30 individuals in the control group, who received general health information through a WhatsApp group for six weeks. Results: A significant increase in knowledge, attitude, and healthy behaviour was observed in post-test 2. Respondents’ knowledge in the intervention group increased by 2 points, attitude by 3 points, and healthy behaviour by 5 points with the health education programme carried out by healthcare professionals. Conclusion: There is an increase in knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour variables through this educational model, which is conducted effectively and in an engaging manner. The study suggested that providing this educational model for primary infertile women over an extended period strengthens its effectiveness.

Effect of Implementing Childbirth Preparation Classes on Women's Self-efficacy and Pregnancy Outcomes

Nancy K. Youssef, Manal F. Mostafa, Walaa H. Ibrahim — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Giving birth is a major event in life that many women undergo and have long-term effects. Childbirth classes are one of the most effective ways to assist women with increasing their self-efficacy and managing their pain levels during labour. Objective: To assess and ascertain how women's self-efficacy and pregnancy outcomes are affected by the implementation of childbirth preparation classes. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was used. This study was conducted at the University Hospital of the Sohag Governorate's prenatal clinics. The study included 100 convenient primigravida pregnant who were split into two equal groups (intervention) who received child preparation classes and control (who received routine clinic care). A structured interview questionnaire, the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory, and pregnancy outcome tools were used. Results: The study showed that at a p-value <0.01, there were significant statistical differences between the study and control groups' overall childbearing self-efficacy during the first and second stages of labour. Conclusion: Primigravida women attending the class demonstrated higher levels of self-efficacy in managing labour pain compared to those not attending childbirth classes. Recommendation: Birth preparation classes must be encouraged at every antenatal clinic and hospital because they significantly increase women's confidence in managing and reducing labour pain and enhance the outcomes of the childbirth process.

Effects of Novel Hegu Acupressure Clips on Pain Relief During the First Stage of Labour in Primigravidas

Threenush Kumtanat, Chadarat Kaewveingdach, Thipakorn Srikean — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Pain during the first stage of labour lasts the longest, making innovative pain management crucial for maternal well-being and improved outcomes. A 20-minute Hegu acupressure session can effectively relieve this pain and discomfort. Objective: To develop and assess the effectiveness of novel Hegu acupressure clips for pain relief during the first stage of labour. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted with a sample of 52 primigravidae in the labour room of Bueng Kan Hospital, randomly divided into two groups of 26 each. The experimental group used novel Hegu acupressure clips with standard pressure during cervical dilation of 4–7 cm for 20 minutes, applied only during contractions. The control group used the same clips but with non-standard pressure. Data were collected using a labour pain coping behaviour scale at pre- and post-test. Pain levels were analysed using descriptive statistics and compared with an independent sample t-test. Results: There were no significant differences in pre-test pain levels between the experimental and control groups during the first stage of labour (p > 0.05). However, post-test pain levels in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05), indicating a substantial reduction in pain. Conclusion: The novel Hegu acupressure clips effectively relieve pain during the first stage of labour and could be integrated into standard labour management practices to enhance maternal comfort.

The Correlation between Depression and Self-Efficacy in Haemodialysis Patients: An Indonesian Sample

Failashufa Mardliyya, Wantonoro, Sriyati, Tuan Van Nguyen, Hsiu-Ling Yang — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Depression is a psychological problem that often occurs in haemodialysis patients and has a negative impact on their physical health. Nurses play an important role in preventing depression and increasing self-efficacy; however, little is known about their role in Indonesian cases. Objective: To determine the correlation between depression and self-efficacy in haemodialysis patients. Methods: Cross-sectional study. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSS) questionnaires were administered in this study. The Kendall Tau test was used to determine the correlation between depression and self-efficacy. Results: Two hundred and thirty-four respondents who received haemodialysis at hospitals in the Yogyakarta area, Indonesia, participated in this study. A total of 67.5% of chronic kidney disease patients following haemodialysis therapy had a minimal level of depression, and 68.8% of patients had a high self-efficacy level. A significant correlation between depression and self-efficacy in haemodialysis patients (p=0.001) was found. Conclusions: Lower levels of depression in haemodialysis patients have a positive effect on self-efficacy. Reducing high levels of depression through nursing intervention programs. For haemodialysis patients, it is recommended during nursing care to increase self-efficacy levels in this vulnerable population. Qualitative studies exploring factors of depression, such as culture and beliefs, are recommended for future research.

Exploring Final Year Nursing Students’ Perception on Soft Skills Integration in Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE)

Norfadzilah Ahmad, Hanida Hani Mohd Mokhtar, Wan Umi Kalsum Wan Idris — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: The integration of soft skills into clinical skills assessment is critical in preparing nursing students for their professional role. The aim of this study was to investigate the perceptions of final-year nursing students regarding the implementation of soft skills in the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). Methods: This is a qualitative study using a reflective thematic analysis approach. The participants consisted of twelfth final-year nursing students from the Kulliyyah of Nursing, IIUM. The participants were selected through purposive sampling method and attended semi-structured interviews. Results: Four themes emerged after data analysis, including 1) perceived definition and its components 2) the benefits of integrating soft skills into OSCEs, 3) the factors that influence and hinder the use of soft skills in OSCEs, and 4) recommendations for overcoming barriers to integrating soft skills into OSCEs. Conclusion: The study concluded that the integration of soft skills in OSCE assessments is viewed positively by nursing students and is considered essential for their professional development. The integration of soft skills improves communication, enhances rapport and improves overall patient care. The findings highlight the importance of integrating soft skills into nursing training through workshops and simulations, preparing graduates for patient care and teamwork. Policymakers should establish standardised guidelines for consistent assessments aligned with healthcare standards.

A Cross-sectional Study on Associated Factors to Nursing Students' Satisfaction with the Clinical Learning Environment

Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: A good clinical learning environment helps students practise closely to the theoretical framework, hone skills, and improve nursing practice capacity. Factors associated with learners' satisfaction with the clinical learning environment support nursing schools as a basis for enhancing and promoting teaching quality. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the level of satisfaction with the clinical learning environment in nursing students and to explore the related factors. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 131 third and fourth-year nursing students using the Vietnamese version of the Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision, and Nurse Teacher scale (CLES+T). The Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Multiple Regression analysis were used to analyse the data using SPSS version 22.0. Results: The nursing students' level of satisfaction with the clinical learning environment had an average score ranging from 3.84±0.61 to 4.23±0.69, and the total CLES+T was 4.07±0.56. Religion, working part-time during the learning process, clinical practice hospital, and the setup of night shift rooms in the clinical ward were associated with nursing students’ satisfaction with the clinical learning environment. Conclusion: Nursing students were satisfied with the clinical practice environment at a relatively high level. Providing part-time employment opportunities within the healthcare model and continuously improving the facilities at clinical wards will support student learning activities.

Prevalence of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes and Its Correlated Risk Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Women Health Hospital, Assiut University, Egypt

Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Preterm premature rupture of the membrane (PPROM) is an ongoing obstetric issue and presents many interesting research questions. The aim of the current study is to determine the prevalence and correlated risk factors of preterm premature rupture of membranes among pregnant women. And assess the relationships between risk factors and the occurrence of preterm premature rupture of the membrane. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional research design was adopted. A purposive sample of 100 pregnant women, diagnosed with PPROM and admitted to the labour and delivery room at Women Health Hospital, Assiut University, during the year 2023 was recruited. Two tools were used to collect the current data: 1) Structured Questionnaire and 2) Risk Factors for Preterm Premature Rupture Membrane Assessment Tool. Results: Findings revealed that the mean maternal age was 30.07 ± 5.918. The prevalence of PPROM was 1.85%. There was a statistically significant difference between maternal age, residence, BMI, occupational level, gravidity, parity, gestational age, number of abortions, previous history of PROM, previous mode of delivery, and occurrence of PPROM. Conclusion: The prevalence of PPROM was 1.85%. The risk factors for the occurrence of PPROM were gravidity, parity, gestational age, abortions, and a previous mode of delivery. Recommendation: Enhancing the awareness of maternity nurses and midwives about the importance of assessment and early detection of PPROM as part of routine care for all pregnant women can help reduce its incidence and associated complications.

The Relationship between Self-Care and LACE Score as the Predictor of Re-Hospitalisation among Heart Failure Patients in Dr M. Salamun Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia

Irma Nur Amalia, Faridah Binti Mohd Said, Nisha Nambiar — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: The unpredictability of heart failure leads to high rates of hospitalisation and re-hospitalisation rates within 30 days ranging from 19% to 25%. The cause of the rehospitalisation of heart failure patients is mainly due to noncompliance with self-care behaviours and poor family support. Studies showed that re-hospitalisation predictors Length of stay, Acuity, Comorbidity and Emergency (LACE) Score can be used to reduce re-hospitalisation and improve self-care skills. However, there is limited study of the combination of patient self-care intervention with LACE to reduce re-hospitalisation rates in heart failure patients. Objective: This study investigates the relationship between self-care and LACE score as a predictor of rehospitalisation. Methods: A quantitative correlational design was used. Total 25 participants who were readmitted between November and December of 2022 was included in the study. The sampling technique used purposive sampling and Rank Spearman bivariate analysis using IBM SPSS Statistic 29.0. Validated Self-Care Heart Failure Index (SCHFI) and LACE score questionnaires were distributed among the respondents. Results: The self-care ability result showed 72% of patients had a poor level compared to 28% having a good level. Nevertheless, the LACE score showed that 80% have a low risk while only 20% have a moderate level of rehospitalisation risk (score is 5-6). With a p-value of 0.001, there is a strong correlation between self-care and LACE score as a predictor of rehospitalisation. Conclusions: The results showed the projected self-care skills and the LACE score as a predictor of heart failure patients' rehospitalisation will help lower the 30-day readmission rate.

Topical Insulin Versus Insulin Irrigation on Wound Healing among Patients with Venous Leg Ulcer

Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Venous Leg Ulcer (VLU) is a serious condition affecting the lower extremities and accounts for 70% of leg ulcers globally. Objective: To evaluate the effects of topical insulin versus insulin irrigation on wound healing in patients with venous leg ulcers. Methods: A quasi-experimental design (pre/post-test non-equivalent control group) was employed. The study was conducted at the Vascular Disease Outpatient Clinic of Cairo University Hospitals, Egypt. A convenience sample of 90 adult male and female patients was divided into three groups receiving wound dressings: Study Group A (using topical insulin), Study Group B (using insulin irrigation with normal saline), and a control group (using Betadine or Betadine with normal saline as part of routine hospital care). Two tools were utilised: (1) Personal and Medical Data Form, and (2) the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool. Results: The mean ages of patients were 41.1 ± 11.7, 42.5 ± 12.3, and 39.2 ± 13.1 years in Study Group A, Study Group B, and the control group, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between Study Groups A and B and the control group in relation to total mean scores for wound healing (X² = 21.1, 91.1, 0.80; P = 0.00, 0.00, 0.45, respectively) during the first and second assessments. Conclusion: The study concluded that both topical insulin and insulin irrigation are effective new modalities for wound dressing and significantly enhance VLU healing. The study should be replicated with a larger sample size in different settings. It is essential for nurse researchers to conduct regular workshops and training sessions in collaboration with healthcare providers working in vascular disease units, emphasising the importance of insulin application in improving wound healing among VLU patients.

Managing Mothers' Expectations in Caring for Autistic Children from a Nursing Perspective: A Qualitative Study

Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Autism is a syndrome with a deviation or delays in behaviours, communication, and social interactions. Therefore, a mother needs to have an understanding of caring for a child with autism, and a nurse needs to understand the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of parents, especially mothers, in caring for their children. This study aimed to explore the management of mothers' expectations in caring for children with autism from a nursing perspective. Methods: This research is a qualitative study; semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 7 participants who are parents of children with autism. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines were applied to ensure rigor. Thematic analysis was used to carry out this study. Results: This research identified four themes and 11 sub-themes: (1) Awareness of the limitations of a child; (2) Empathy of a child's love language for problem-solving; (3) Understanding the acceptance process; and (4) Realistic expectations for the child. Conclusion: This study provides a detailed list of mothers' expectations for treating children with autism. Mothers have a way to manage their expectations about their child's condition. They also have great hopes for their children's future to succeed in their education and life. Nurses can provide professional nursing care to children with autism, especially in preserving the mother's mental health.

Relationship between Demographic Factors and Entrepreneurial Competencies among Healthcare Nurses

Amany Ahmed Abdrbo, Salwa Hassanein, Somaya Ahmed Bayoumy — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: As global socioeconomic pressures increase, particularly in healthcare, nurses need entrepreneurial competencies to adapt to growing demands. However, these competencies have not been widely recognised in nursing, especially in Saudi Arabia. Objective: This study aimed to assess the relationship between demographic factors and entrepreneurial competencies among nurses in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional correlational study was conducted using the snowball sampling technique. Nurses from a tertiary hospital were recruited, and data were collected via an online survey. The survey measured entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurship competencies such as self-confidence, control-oriented behaviour, opportunity utilisation, determination, innovativeness, and risk-bearing. The statistical analysis was used to identify significant differences based on demographic factors. Descriptive statistics, T-tests, ANOVA, and correlation analyses examine relationships between demographics, entrepreneurship competencies, and intention. Results: Nurses displayed moderate to high levels of entrepreneurship competencies. Significant differences were found in competencies based on nationality, management position, management training, employment status, and future self-employment intentions (p<0.05). Additionally, certain competencies varied with marital status, income level, age, years of experience, and having children (p<0.05). Higher entrepreneurship competencies were positively associated with the desire to start a business. Conclusion: The findings highlight the need to foster entrepreneurial competencies among nurses in Saudi Arabia. Future entrepreneurial potential can be enhanced by strengthening management training, fostering diversity, cultivating supportive environments, and nurturing forward-thinking mindsets.

Developing Knowledge of Sexual and Reproductive Health Among Adolescent Girls Through a Peer Mentoring Approach in Nursing

Angga Putri, Tukimin bin Sansuwito — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: The level of knowledge about sexual and reproductive health remains limited in Indonesia. Nurses as educators facilitate adolescents in understanding the information about reproductive health, such as myths during menstruation, unplanned pregnancies, and sexually transmitted diseases. As a result, the information obtained will not be misinterpreted. Objective: This research aims to increase the knowledge of adolescent girls about sexual and reproductive health using a peer mentoring approach. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental quantitative research study with a pre-test and post-test one-group design. The participants were chosen using the total sample technique, obtained from 35 students aged 10-18 who attended the Andalusia Batam Islamic School. Mentoring is carried out by mentors who have received previous training for 1 month for 4 meetings. Questionnaires were given before and after the intervention to assess knowledge levels of students. The data was processed using the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality, and then the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was carried out to see the effect of the interventions. Results: The level of knowledge before the intervention was in the low category of 77.1% (n=27) and the medium category of 22.9% (n=8). Meanwhile, after the intervention, the level of knowledge in the low category was 28.6% (n=10), and the medium category increased to 71.4% (n=25). A statistically significant influence of education was observed when using the peer approach method, along with an improvement in the knowledge of adolescent girls, with a p-value of 0.001. Conclusion: The peer mentoring approach has proven effective in increasing adolescent girls’ knowledge of sensitive themes related to sexual and reproductive health. This suggests that adding peer mentoring to adolescent health education can boost awareness and improve health outcomes.

The Effect of Preterm Neonates Position on their Gastric Residual Volume at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Naglaa Ragab Mahmoud Ibraheem, Huwida Hamdy Abd El-Monem, Safaa Salah Ismail — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: The early initiation of enteral feeding in preterm neonates is crucial for promoting the maturation and functional development of their underdeveloped gastrointestinal system. Additionally, ensuring appropriate positioning for preterm neonates is vital for maintaining physiological stability and optimising their nutritional outcomes. Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of different positions on gastric residual volume for preterm neonates at neonatal intensive care units. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was utilised. The study was carried out at the Neonatal Intensive Care Units in Mostafa Hassan Hospital, Fayoum University, and Fayoum General Hospital, both affiliated with the Ministry of Health in Egypt. A purposive sample of 60 preterm neonates in the previously mentioned settings satisfies the inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were two tools used to collect data for the study. The first was a simple questionnaire sheet used to get personal and medical information from preterm babies and their mothers. The second was a gastric residual volume record sheet used to measure the gastric residual volume before formula feeding. Results: The study findings demonstrated that the prone position was associated with the minimum gastric residual volume, whereas the supine position showed the highest. A statistically significant difference was identified concerning gastric residual volume between the study and control groups on the first and second days when comparing prone and supine positions, with a p-value of <0.001. Conclusion: The present study showed that the lowest gastric residual volume was found with the prone position, followed by the right lateral position, and then the supine position. The research findings supported the researcher's hypothesis. Recommendation: Prone and right lateral positions should be integrated into daily practices as effective positions for reducing gastric residual volumes in preterm neonates following feeding.

Cultural Adaptation Celebrity Attitude Scale (CAS) in Indonesian Community

Ni Made Ayu Wulansari, Shelly Iskandar, Efri Widianti, Nyoman Wira Prasetya — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Korean culture is popular everywhere, it is called Korean wave. Korean wave include food,fashion,beauty, drama, music and films. It creates an admiration to celebrity and its is called celebrity worship. Celebrity worship has some effect to adolescent development process, such as obsessive and compulsive behaviour. Objective: Transalate the celebrity attitude scale into Indonesian and use a cultural perspective to demonstrate the validity and reliability of the results. Methods: Respondent-driven sampling was the method employed for this study’s sampling. There were 207 individuals in the sample. The cultural method translated instruments into Indonesian using cross-cultural norms. Three content specialists and two linguistic experts participated in the cross-cultural process. The reach model’s validity and reliability were examined. Results: The study showed some information was altered. Certain words were inappropriate given Indonesia’s culture. The content validity index (I-CVI) (0.67 - 1.00), S-CVI/AU 0.85, S-CVI/Ave 0.95. Based on the Rasch model found reliability in person was 0.92, reliability in item was 0.99, and alpha Cronbach was 0.93. Conclusion: The study found that CAS is able to be used for Indonesian communities and it is able to measure well to identify celebrity worship in adolescents.

Effect of the Luthans’s Psychological Capital Model Intervention on Workplace Ostracism, Counterproductive Work Behaviour, and Nurses’ Psychological Wellbeing

Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Psychological capital is a good trait, and its malleability and openness to growth have garnered it a great deal of attention in recent years. The aim of the study was to examine the impact of an educational program using Luthans’s Psychological Capital Model on workplace ostracism, counterproductive work behaviours, and nurses’ psychological well-being. Methods: A quasi-experimental. Five instruments were used: (1) an interview questionnaire, (2) the Psychological Capital Questionnaire, (3) the Workplace Ostracism Scale, (4) the Counterproductive Work Behaviours Checklist, and (5) the Psychological Wellbeing Scale. The research was conducted at a university hospital in Menoufia Governorate, Egypt, with 100 nurses who have workplace ostracism divided into two groups. Results: The psychological capital score mean of the study and control groups was 54.9±12.5 and 36.4±4.67, respectively, on the post-test. Also, it revealed that the mean scores of workplace ostracism among the study and control groups were 26.2±2.67 and 44.5±5.51, respectively, on the post-test. In addition, the mean scores of counterproductive work behaviours in the study and control groups were 40.5±6.72 and 64.4±7.61, respectively, on the post-test. The mean score of psychological well-being for the study group was 86.6±8.71, while in the control group it was 57.9±8.20. Moreover, a positive correlation among psychological capital and psychological well-being and a negative correlation among psychological capital, workplace ostracism, and counterproductive work behaviours of the studied group post-intervention. Conclusion: Implementation of Luthans’s psychological capital intervention was effective in improving nurses’ psychological well-being, lowering workplace ostracism, and counterproductive work behaviours. Recommendation: It is recommended that the integration of Luthans’s psychological capital model in undergraduate nursing curricula is very essential in preparing nursing students for the workforce, and implementing this program in the clinical settings can help to improve the psychological capital of nurses.

Perception of Pregnant Women's Toward Nutrition and their Benefits in Obstetric and Maternity Wards at Hospitals

Rasha Shehab Ahmed, Hanaa Hussein Mukhlif — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Information on healthy nutrition perceptions helps pregnant women improve nutrition quality in their daily lives. Objective: The study aims to assess the perception of pregnant women toward nutrition and their benefits in obstetric and maternity wards at hospitals. Methods: A descriptive design assesses dietary health perceptions from December 2023 to April 2024. The purposive sample of pregnant women in different stages of pregnancy who visited hospitals in Mosul was collected. The study tool consisted of demographic information, perceptions of nutrition (12 questions), and benefits of nutrition (8 questions). The data was systematically arranged and input into a statistical analysis program, with significance assessed using a probability threshold of ≤0.05. Results: Participants (63.6%) reported taking supplements during pregnancy. Pregnant women (40%) had a lower perception of nutrition than pregnant women (60%), and there was a correlation between perceptions and the benefits of nutrition among pregnant women. Conclusion: According to the study's findings, fewer than half of pregnant women have a lower level of nutrition perception than the level of the benefits of nutrition. The demographic factors (age, residence, occupation, educational level, and family income) that influenced the perceptions and benefits of nutrition, except for taking nutritional supplements while pregnant. Pregnant women in the study area showed a strong association between their perception of and benefits from nutrition.

Nursing Interventions for Diabetes Prevention in Individuals at Risk or with Prediabetes: A Literature Review

Oliva Suyen Ningsih, Ferry Efendi, Yulis Setiya Dewi — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Nurses play a crucial role in supporting patients at risk for diabetes or prediabetes in changing their lifestyles and halting the progression of prediabetes to diabetes. Objective: This literature review aims to explain nursing interventions for preventing diabetes in prediabetes or high-risk individuals. Methods: Four databases were utilised to look for pertinent peer-reviewed papers written in English: Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science. Studies examining nursing interventions in diabetes prevention in adults older than 18 years at risk of diabetes or prediabetes met the inclusion criteria for this review. The literature search was restricted to open-access publications published between 2019 and 2024. The instrument used in the article screening stage uses screening software, namely Rayyan. Results: A total of 1,005 articles, all retrieved from four databases, were included in the study. Nineteen publications that met the inclusion criteria were included in this review. Based on the results of a synthesis analysis of 19 literature reviews, nursing interventions to prevent diabetes in individuals at risk of prediabetes include prediabetes screening and diabetes risk (3 articles), lifestyle intervention (9 articles), diabetes prevention education (5 articles), and stress management (3 articles). Nursing interventions have proven effective in improving diabetes risk factors such as diet, physical activity, reducing HbA1c, body weight, BMI, fasting blood sugar, waist circumference, stress, anxiety, and quality of life, and preventing the development of type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: Nursing interventions are successful in reducing risk factors for type 2 diabetes in those with prediabetes or those at risk.