The Malaysian Journal of Nursing (MJN)

Message from the Editor in Chief

2026-01-10T11:25:02+00:00

Nurse-Led Yoga and Brain Gym for Reducing Anxiety and Improving Sleep Quality in Menopausal Women

2025-05-29T09:09:43+00:00

Background: Menopause often brings significant psychological and physiological challenges for women, notably increased anxiety and disrupted sleep patterns. Nurse-led, non-pharmacological interventions such as yoga and brain gym offer promising strategies for managing these symptoms effectively. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-led yoga and brain gym interventions in reducing anxiety and improving sleep quality among menopausal women. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted from January to April 2024 at Puskesmas (Community Health Center) Sukarami, Palembang, Indonesia. A total of 100 menopausal women were randomly assigned to two groups: 50 participants received a structured yoga intervention, and 50 engaged in brain gym, both facilitated by trained nurses. Pre- and post-intervention assessments of anxiety and sleep quality were conducted using validated instruments. Data was analyzed using paired and independent t-tests. Results: Both groups showed statistically significant improvements in anxiety and sleep quality (p < 0.05). However, the yoga group exhibited a more substantial reduction in anxiety levels and greater improvements in sleep quality than the brain gym group. Conclusion: Nurse-led yoga and brain gym are effective in reducing anxiety and enhancing sleep quality among menopausal women. Yoga demonstrated superior outcomes and can be recommended as a primary non-pharmacological approach. Future studies should explore long-term effects and scalability of these interventions in broader healthcare settings.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Video-Assisted Teaching on the Knowledge of Caregivers Regarding Nasogastric Tube Feeding in Neurological Patients at Selected Hospitals

2025-05-14T08:15:16+00:00

Background: Nasogastric Tube (NGT) feeding involves inserting a radio-opaque, fine-bore, flexible tube into the stomach through the nose. It is used to administer medication and nutritional support orally to people who are unable to swallow or meet their nutritional demands. Methods: The single-group pretest post-test pre-experimental, quantitative evaluative approach was chosen for this study. The research was carried out by the caregiver of the neurological patient at Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital (AVBR) Hospital, Wardha, India. Results: In order to measure the knowledge of the 90 caregivers of neurological patients, a systematic knowledge questionnaire was employed to collect data from them. The study's key findings indicate that whereas 12.22% of caregivers of neurological patients had poor awareness, 87.78% had average knowledge. The knowledge score on the post-test was 40% excellent, 55.56% very good and 4.44% good. The pretest and post-test knowledge scores were 4 and 9, respectively. The post-test knowledge score ranged from 13 to 22, with 22 being the maximum score. Conclusion: In this study the VAT raised the knowledge of nasogastric tube feeding of care giver. Recommendation: Video-assisted teaching is a very effective method to improve knowledge of caregivers in daily routines.

Understanding Nursing Interns’ Perception of Oxygen Therapy and Its Risks: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Analysis

2025-06-21T05:38:04+00:00

Background: Oxygen therapy is an essential and potentially life-saving component of patient care; however, improper administration may lead to serious adverse outcomes. Nurses play a critical role in ensuring the safe delivery of oxygen, monitoring patients closely, and preventing related complications. This study aimed to assess nursing interns’ perceptions of oxygen therapy and the potential hazards associated with its misuse. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in training hospitals within the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia, between November 15, 2023, and March 15, 2024. A simple random sampling technique was used to select all eligible nursing interns, resulting in a total of 43 participants. Data were collected using a validated and reliable instrument composed of two parts: demographic characteristics and perception levels regarding oxygen therapy and its associated hazards. Data was analyzed using the chi-square test with Monte Carlo (MC) correction. The study adhered to the STROBE guidelines for cross-sectional research. Results: A total of 43 female nursing interns aged 21–22 years participated in the study. Of these, 61.4% reported that the training they received was sufficient, and 65.1% had participated in in-service training in both college and hospital settings. Despite this, 65.1% demonstrated an unsatisfactory perception of oxygen therapy (mean ± SD = 7.49 ± 2.32), and 72.1% exhibited poor perception of its hazards (mean ± SD = 6.77 ± 2.40). A statistically significant association was identified between interns’ perception levels and their experience in administering oxygen therapy (χ² = 7.22, p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Nursing interns exhibited insufficient understanding of oxygen therapy and its potential risks. These findings underscore the need for continuous, well-structured, and competency-based training programs to improve their knowledge and support the safe administration of oxygen therapy.

Exploring Community Health Services for People with Disabilities: An Ethnographic Qualitative Study

2025-07-07T07:34:22+00:00

Background: Living with a disability often limits individuals’ access to essential healthcare services. Despite this pressing issue, few studies have examined the specific characteristics of community health services needed by People with Disabilities (PWD). This study aims to explore community health services for PWD in the northern region of Thailand. Methods: An ethnographic approach was used to investigate community health services for PWD. A total of 65 informants were selected through purposive sampling, including PWD, family members, healthcare personnel, community leaders, local administrative organization (LAO) officers, volunteers, neighbors, and relatives. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis conducted between July 2023 and August 2024. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The research identified three main themes related to community health services: (1) self-care including beliefs, cultural wisdom, and Thai traditional medicine; (2) health services—including primary healthcare, rehabilitation, emergency and referral services, long-term care, palliative care, Thai traditional medicine, and volunteer support; and (3) supportive systems, including data management, public services, welfare, and mutual assistance. Conclusion: The study highlights that effective community health services for PWD require collaboration across multiple sectors to ensure equitable access to care. Cultural values and beliefs influence community health services for PWD; therefore, culturally informed approaches should be applied to promote the health of PWD. In addition, welfare policies and supportive systems that enable PWD to access health services should be strengthened.

Nursing-Based Diabetes Self-Management Education for Controlling Peripheral Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetes: A Quasi-Experimental Study

2025-07-16T06:18:43+00:00

Background: Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is a significant complication of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). PAD is an obstructive atherosclerotic vascular disease that interferes with the arteries, causing problems or changes in the circulation of the legs. Adherence to the four pillars of diabetes management—including diet, physical activity, medication adherence, and monitoring. Objectives: To analyze the effect of Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) on controlling PAD in Type 2 Diabetes. Methods: This research employs a quasi-experimental method and was conducted over 16 weeks, from August to November 2024, at the Gajahan and Pucang Sawit Community Health Centers in Surakarta. The selected respondents were 79, with the criteria of suffering from diabetes for 2 years and not having diabetic foot ulcers. Respondents were divided into two groups: the intervention group, with 40 participants, and the control group, with 39 participants. Results: The analysis revealed a significant difference in ankle-brachial index (ABI) values (p = 0.001) and foot sensitivity (p = 0.001) between the intervention group and the control group after the intervention. The mean ABI of the intervention group (0.99) was lower than that of the control group (1.16). In contrast, the mean sensitivity of the intervention group (9.74) was higher than the mean of the control group (8.36). Conclusion: DSME can control PAD by improving foot sensitivity, but 3 months is not enough time to improve the Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI).

Nursing Students’ Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Artificial Intelligence

2025-05-14T03:50:10+00:00

Background: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare education and practice is becoming increasingly prevalent. As future healthcare providers, nursing students' perceptions, knowledge, and attitudes toward AI technologies significantly influence their acceptance and utilization of these tools in clinical settings. Objectives: This study aimed to examine nursing students' knowledge and attitudes regarding artificial intelligence (AI), thereby providing critical insights that could guide future integration of this revolutionary technology into healthcare practices. Methods: This study employed a quantitative cross-sectional design, recruiting 250 nursing students via a convenience sample technique. The current study was conducted at the Kufa Technical Institute, Al-Najaf Governorate, Iraq. The study duration was seven months, starting in November 2024 and ending in May 2025. Data collection was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire that assessed participants’ knowledge of artificial intelligence and their attitudes toward artificial intelligence (ATAI), both of which were tested for reliability and validity. A pilot study confirmed the feasibility of the tools. Statistical analysis involved both descriptive and inferential statistics to explore the demographic influences on AI knowledge and attitudes, using a significance level of p < 0.05.

Results: The study revealed that the participants had a mean age of 20.88 years (SD = 0.63) and a median age of 21 years. Furthermore, the results provided vital information about nursing students' perceptions regarding AI technology, highlighting a critical gap in training that must be addressed to foster a workforce adept at utilizing AI effectively while preserving the essential human elements of nursing care. Conclusion: The results suggest that, while nursing students recognize the potential benefits of AI in healthcare settings, a significant gap remains in their knowledge and training regarding its application.

A Telemedicine Based Supportive Educational System Using Family-Centered Care to Enhance Family Support and Reduce Postpartum Depression

2025-02-25T04:22:11+00:00

Background: One of the most common types of depression in new mothers, postpartum depression (PPD), affects millions worldwide. Yet many face barriers to accessing therapy, such as time, financial and childcare challenges. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a telemedicine-based supportive educative system, grounded in family-centered care, in enhancing family support and reducing depression during the postpartum period. Methods: A quasi-experimental design with pre-test-post-test control groups was used to assess the impact of telemedicine. Postpartum women and their families were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. The intervention group received telemedicine sessions educating families to provide support with the Zoom meeting platform, while the control group received standard care. Validated PSSQ (Postpartum Social Support Questionnaire) and EPDS (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) were administered at baseline and post-intervention. Results: The Wilcoxon test results in the intervention group revealed significant improvements in husband’s support (p=0.000), parental support (p=0.005) and friend’s support (p=0.026) after the intervention, indicating increased support for participants. However, no significant change was observed in support from in-laws (p=0.138). In the control group, a significant increase was noted in husband’s support (p=0.009), while parental support (p=0.126) showed no significant enhancement. Additionally, the paired t-test results in the control group indicated no significant changes in support from in-laws (p=0.411) or friend’s support (p=0.437). Conclusion: The telemedicine-based supportive educational system using family-centred care effectively enhances family support and reduces postpartum depression, offering a promising approach to improve postpartum mental health outcomes.

Effect of Instructional Guidelines on Nurses' Performance Regarding Care of Arteriovenous Fistula Puncture for Hemodialysis Children

2025-08-18T03:57:57+00:00

Background: The arteriovenous fistula is recognized as the ideal and most commonly utilized technique of vascular access for hemodialysis, typically regarded as the optimum standard in clinical practice. Instructional programs are imperative for equipping nurses with the required skills to enhance patient outcomes and decrease overall health care expenses. Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of instructional guidelines on nurses' performance regarding care of arteriovenous fistula puncture for hemodialysis children. Methods: The study design was quasi-experimental. At Beni-Suef University Hospital's pediatric hemodialysis unit, the study was carried out. A purposive sample composed of 50 nurses. Data were gathered utilizing two tools: The 1st tool is the interviewing questionnaire sheet. The 2nd tool is observational checklists. Results: More than three-quarters of nurses had an unsatisfactory total level of knowledge, and the majority of them had an incompetent total level of practice regarding arteriovenous fistula puncture care in the pre-instructional guidelines implementation. While most of the nurses had a satisfactory total level of knowledge, four-fifths of them had a competent total level of practice in the post-instructional guidelines' implementation with a highly statistically significant difference (p-value < 0.000). Also, there was a highly statistically significant positive correlation between nurses' total knowledge and total practice level pre- and post-implementation. Conclusion: The study findings confirmed the effectiveness of the instructional guidelines in improving nurses' knowledge and practices concerning arteriovenous fistula puncture care for hemodialysis children. Recommendation: Implementing periodical instructional programs for nurses concerning arteriovenous fistula puncture care is necessary to update and improve their performance.

Pediatric Nurses' Perception and Attitudes Concerning Hemophilia in Al-Basrah Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Study

2025-10-27T12:32:24+00:00

Background: Hemophilia is a hereditary bleeding disorder in which blood clots improperly. This can lead to spontaneous bleeding as well as bleeding following surgery or trauma. Blood contains a variety of proteins called clotting factors that can help stop bleeding. Hemophiliacs have low levels of either factor VIII or factor IX. The degree of hemophilia in the affected person is determined by the number of clotting factors in their blood. Objectives: To evaluate the perceptions and attitudes of pediatric nurses regarding children with hemophilia. Methods: From December 12, 2023, to December 15, 2024, a cross-sectional study on 100 pediatric nurses who work with children who have hemophilia was carried out in hospitals in Basrah City. Results: According to the findings, the majority of the study (more than two-thirds) (68%) are female, and 47% of the participants are between the ages of 25 and 30 years. A general nursing technician diploma was held by 43% of the nurses in the study, and approximately 41% of the nurses had fewer than five years of experience. Meanwhile, 35% had worked in blood disease wards for 6–10 years. Fifty-two percent of the sample was unable to attend the training sessions. The majority of nurses have negative attitudes (94%) about hemophilia. The data were collected by a self-reported questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Conclusion: According to the study, nurses have a high percentage of acceptable perception regarding the definition, type, and hereditary roles in hemophilia transmission, as well as the disease's diagnosis and treatment procedures. Most of the nurses have negative attitudes regarding hemophilia.

Self-Care Strategies in Managing Physical Discomfort: Experience of Patient with an Intestinal Stoma

2025-09-22T08:22:53+00:00

Background: The physiological changes resulting from stoma formation necessitate that patients actively engage in self-care practices to manage their physical condition and maintain their well-being. In nursing, supporting and enhancing patients’ self-care abilities forms a key aspect of postoperative education and continuity of care. However, research on stoma self-care practice in Malaysia remains limited. This study aims to explore the self-care strategies employed by patients with an intestinal stoma in managing physical discomfort. Methods: This exploratory qualitative study employed a case study approach, using semi-structured interviews conducted among 17 patients with an intestinal stoma in a public hospital in Malaysia over an eight-month period. The data were analyzed using a framework analysis approach. Results: Three key themes emerged from the analysis: managing pain, stoma care, and adjustment of daily routines. Participants identified these self-care practices as their experience managing their physical discomfort due to having an intestinal stoma. Conclusion: The findings underscore the complexity and multifaceted nature of self-care among stoma patients. These insights are essential for nurses in Malaysia, particularly in developing supportive frameworks and interventions to enhance patients' self-care abilities, which ultimately improve their quality of life (QOL) and healthcare outcomes.

Effect of Health Education on Parents' Knowledge and Practices Caring for Children with Myopia

2025-09-08T05:31:28+00:00

Background: Myopia is a prevalent visual impairment that necessitates appropriate treatment and preventative measures, particularly for children. The current study aimed to determine the effect of health education on parents' knowledge and practices regarding the care of their children with myopia. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was used for this study. This study was conducted at the ophthalmology clinics at Sohag University Hospitals. A convenience sample of all (200) parents and their children with myopia was enrolled in the study over a period of six months from the previously mentioned setting. Two tools were used for data collection. The Tool I was a structured interview questionnaire (used for pre-test and post-test data). It consisted of four parts: Part 1: Parents' personal data. Part 2: Children's personal data. Part 3: Children's medical history. Part 4: Parents’ knowledge regarding myopia. Tool II assessed parents' reported practices regarding myopia, also administered as a pre-test and post-test. Results: The study demonstrated that health education had a significant effect on improving participants' mean knowledge and practice scores. Notable improvements were observed in post-intervention. A statistically significant correlation was found between parents' total knowledge and practices regarding the care of their children with myopia, both pre- and post-health education. Conclusion: Health education had a positive effect on improving parents' knowledge and practices regarding the care of their children with myopia. Recommendation: Continuous health education programs for parents must be recommended to improve knowledge and practices about myopia management. The study should be replicated to generalize the results to a wider population.

Pediatric Nursing Students and Artificial Intelligence: A Cross-Sectional Study

2025-08-11T12:38:33+00:00

Background: The rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into healthcare necessitates that nursing education evolves to equip students with essential technological competencies. Objectives: To explore pediatric nursing students' perceptions of AI in nursing and analyze associations with sociodemographic factors and prior AI knowledge. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2024 to March 2025 across five universities in Baghdad. A non-probability sample of 500 pediatric nursing students completed the Shinners Artificial Intelligence Perception (SAIP) tool. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential comparisons (t-tests/ANOVA) via SPSS. Results: Participants had a mean age of 21 ±1.02 years. While 79.8% reported previous knowledge of AI, 59.8% had not utilized it for academic purposes. Overall, students demonstrated a moderate level of perception toward AI (Mean score range: 24–36). Significant associations were found between perception levels and sex (p=0.009), socioeconomic status (p=0.05), and prior AI knowledge (p=0.03). Only 4% of students at Madenat Al-Elem University, Iraq exhibited "high" perception, which was the highest proportion among the universities surveyed. Conclusion: Pediatric nursing students possess moderate readiness for AI adoption but lack deep engagement with specific clinical applications. Curriculum reform integrating nursing informatics competencies is essential to bridge the gap between general awareness and professional application.

Influence of Educational Intervention on Nurses’ Knowledge Regarding the Fundamental Requirements of the Universal Health Insurance System in Primary Health Care Settings

2025-08-20T08:09:32+00:00

Background: Nurses serve as frontline healthcare professionals and play a crucial role in the successful implementation of the Universal Health Insurance System (UHIS) in Primary Health Care (PHC) centers. Objectives: This research aimed to implement an educational program for nurses in PHC facilities regarding prerequisites of UHIS. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was conducted at PHC centers in the El-Badari health district, Assiut Governorate, Egypt, on a convenient sample of 40 nurses receiving the educational program. Data was collected using three tools: Tool (1): A structured questionnaire, including Part (1): personal data sheet, and Part (2): self-assessment of the PHC provisional accreditation requirement. Tool (II) consisted of a service availability and readiness assessment questionnaire, while Tool (III) was a program evaluation sheet that included Part (1) for assessing nurses' knowledge and Part (2) for gathering nurses' opinions. Results: Pre-intervention findings showed that nurses had an unsatisfactory knowledge level about prerequisites of UHIS, but they had a satisfactory knowledge level in the post- and follow-up phases (90% and 77.5%), respectively. There were statistically significant differences in nurses’ knowledge regarding the self-assessment of PHC provisional accreditation requirements (p ≤ 0.05) across the different phases of the program. Over 50% of PHC centers are ready for implementation of UHIS. Conclusions: The educational program improved nurses’ knowledge about prerequisites for implementation of UHIS. Recommendation: Continuous professional development and structured training should be integrated into national health reform strategies to sustain improvements in knowledge and readiness for UHIS implementation.

Effectiveness of Nurse-Initiated Sono Triage on Nurses’ Competence and Triage Rates in a Tertiary Care Emergency Department in New Delhi, India

2025-09-01T09:06:46+00:00

Background: Point of Care Ultrasound is used in patient care, trauma, education, training, war, and disaster settings. Triage is a dynamic process, and in a busy high-volume department with limited information from patients, the emergency physician (EP) must triage the patient within a short period and with a high stress level; these factors increase the chance of error by the emergency physician. The nurses are also expected to do the triaging. It is imperative to do task shifting for the nurses; they can be empowered to conduct Sono triage to reduce the rate of under-triaging for better health outcomes with early identification and prompt management. Objectives: The pilot study assessed the effectiveness of Nurse-Initiated Sono triage (NISt) in enhancing nurses' knowledge and skills while improving patient triage accuracy in the emergency department (ED). Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest-post-test design was implemented at Tertiary care centre, New Delhi, India. A total of 15 nurses and 150 patients participated in the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Pre-intervention assessments showed limited knowledge and no prior training in extended focused assessment with sonography in trauma (e-FAST). Post-intervention findings demonstrated a significant increase in nurses' knowledge (mean score improvement from 17.3 to 20.9, p = 0.006) and skill acquisition. Also, 3% of patients initially triaged to the yellow zone were re-triaged to the red zone. Most nurses (mean acceptability score = 4.5) supported implementing NISt as a nurse-led initiative. Conclusion: The results suggest that nurse-initiated Sono triage can improve early identification of critically ill patients, facilitating timely interventions.

Factors Influencing Toddler Nutritional and Developmental Outcomes at the Bangkalan Health Center, Madura Island, Indonesia: A PRECEDE–PROCEED Model Approach

2025-04-22T07:07:50+00:00

Background: The nutritional and developmental status of toddlers in Indonesia remains a significant concern, requiring further analysis of influencing factors to enable more comprehensive interventions. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the factors that influence the nutritional and developmental status of toddlers using the PRECEDE–PROCEED Model. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that involved 472 mothers who had children aged 12-60 months, selected by cluster sampling through 88 Integrated Service Posts in the Bangkalan Health Center area. The dependent variables in this study were the nutritional status and developmental status of toddlers aged 12-60 months. While the independent variables in this study were predisposing factors, enabling factor, and reinforcing factor. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires, the child development pre-screening questionnaire, and the ‘Maternal and Child Health’ handbook. Logistic regression analysis was performed with a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results showed that the factors influencing toddlers’ nutritional status included predisposing factors such as maternal knowledge, maternal education level, and maternal participation in monthly Integrated Service post activities. Reinforcing factors such as husband's support, families, healthcare, and exposure to health information also affect toddler nutrition. In terms of toddler development, there are reinforcing factors in the form of husband and family support for mothers in providing developmental stimulation to their toddlers. Conclusion: The critical role of husband and family support in shaping the nutritional and developmental status of toddlers aged 12-60 months. Therefore, educational interventions should target not only mothers but also their families to optimize child health and development.

Effect of Instructional Program on Nurses' Performance Regarding Expressed Breast Milk used in Trophic Feeding for Preterm Infant

2025-09-11T11:05:58+00:00

Background: Trophic feeding is a strategy used to encourage the development of preterm neonates' underdeveloped gastrointestinal tracts by giving them small volumes of enteral feedings. Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of an instructional program on nurses' performance regarding expressed breast milk used in trophic feeding for preterm neonates. Methods: Design: A quasi-experimental research design was utilized. Settings: The research was conducted at the Neonatal Intensive Care Units of Fayoum General Hospital and Mostafa Hassan Pediatric Hospital. Sample: A purposive sample of 100 nurses using expressed breast milk in trophic feeding and preterm neonates. Tools: Three tools were used. The first was a structured interview questionnaire that collected required information regarding the attributes of the subjects and the nurses’ knowledge regarding expressed breast milk used in trophic feeding for preterm neonates. 2^nd Tool: An observational checklist designed to assess nurses’ practices with regard to expressed breast milk used in trophic feeding for preterm neonates. 3rd tool: Attitude Type-Rating Scale. Results: There was a highly significant difference (p=0.001) between the total level of the nurses’ knowledge, practices, and attitude pre/post intervention. Additionally, there was a positive correlation (p ≤ 0.05) between the nurses' total knowledge, practices, and attitude pre- and post-intervention. Conclusion: The health education intervention significantly enhanced nurses' understanding, practices, and attitudes regarding the use of expressed breast milk in trophic feeding for preterm neonates. Recommendation: Continuous health education program for nurses to raise awareness about expressing breast milk used in trophic feeding for preterm neonates.

Psychometric Properties of the Indonesian Version of the Medical Outcome Study Social Support Survey (MOS_SSS)

2025-08-13T06:33:34+00:00

Background: Patients with diabetes need to consider social support as an essential aspect that affects their function and well-being. A standardized instrument to assess social support is necessary, as this support plays a crucial role in blood sugar control. One such measurement tool is the Medical Outcome Study Social Support (MOS SSS). At the same time, it does not yet exist in Indonesia, especially in diabetic patients. Objectives: This study aimed to conduct cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric testing of the MOS SSS into Indonesian. Methods: The researcher employed a cross-sectional design, incorporating a cultural adaptation approach, forward-backward translation, and psychometric testing. The total sample consists of 277 participants, divided into three groups: expert adjustment with seven experts, 36 respondents in pretesting, and 234 respondents in psychometric tests. Results: The Indonesian MOS SSS has an I_CVI of 0.97, an S_CVI/UA of 0.81, an S_CVI/AVE of 0.97, and a Cronbach's alpha of 0.895–0.954. The researcher employed Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to identify the factors created, and three factors were found: information and emotion, positive social interaction, and tangible support. The loading factor is 0.506–0.741 with 19 items. Conclusion: The MOS SSS Indonesian version is a valid and reliable instrument. The healthcare workers, especially nurses, could utilize it to assess social support for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

A Cross-Sectional Study on Social Media Addiction in Students at the School of Nursing

2025-07-09T08:36:17+00:00

Background: The use of various social networks, combined with the consolidated time that internet users spend on these sites, constitutes a global public health problem, given that more than 90% of university students interact with these platforms on a daily basis. Objectives: The aim of the study is to identify the level of social media addiction among first-semester nursing students at a private university in a metropolitan setting. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 95 nursing students enrolled in the first academic semester at a private university in the northern area of Lima, Los Olivos, Peru (South America). Data were collected during the first semester of 2025 using a validated digital questionnaire on social media addiction (AMS- addiction to mobile social media). Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Results: The results showed that the level of social media addiction among nursing students was predominantly moderate (34.7%), followed by low and high levels with similar proportions. The dimensions of excessive use and obsession showed balanced patterns across the three levels, while lack of control presented a higher predominance of the low level (53.7%). No significant differences were found according to sex (p > 0.05). The Shapiro–Wilk test confirmed a non-normal distribution, justifying the use of non-parametric tests. Conclusion: Students exhibit a moderate level of social media addiction, with marked impact in excessive use and obsession, despite retaining some control over their connection time. This phenomenon affects both sexes equally and highlights the need to promote educational interventions aimed at responsible and healthy social media use.

Nurse as Educator: Improving Children's Preparedness in Facing Landslides through the Child Preparedness Model

2025-03-07T05:59:06+00:00

Background: Disasters can significantly affect children, who are among the most vulnerable populations. Indonesia is geographically and hydrologically prone to various natural disasters. One region in East Java that includes highland areas is Kediri, which has a high risk of landslides. Landslides can cause extensive material and non-material losses within communities. In every stage of crisis management, nurses play a crucial role on the front lines. Careful planning must be conducted to manage disasters effectively, including those involving children. Nurses, as educators, can help enhance children’s preparedness in facing disasters. Methods: This study aimed to analyze disaster management, focusing on children’s preparedness for landslides through the Child Preparedness Model. This model is designed to improve children’s readiness to face landslides through structured and effective steps. The study was conducted over one year, continuing from the previous research phase, which included focus group discussions and model testing. Children received preparedness education aligned with the model twice. This research employed a quasi-experimental design using a one-group pretest–posttest approach involving 120 children from Petungroto Village, Mojo District, Kediri Regency, Indonesia. A purposive sampling technique was used, and a questionnaire assessed landslide preparedness. The independent variable was the Child Preparedness Model, while the dependent variable was children’s preparedness for landslides. Results: The model was analyzed using a paired t-test, which showed a p-value of 0.000 and t = 26.335, indicating that the Child Preparedness Model significantly influenced children’s preparedness for landslides. Conclusion: Implementation of the Child Preparedness Model is essential to enhance preparedness, particularly among children facing landslides.

Effectiveness of KesPro-P Application on Knowledge and Learning Satisfaction of Nursing Faculty Students: A Post‑Test Only Quasi‑Experimental Study

2025-10-24T06:42:55+00:00

Background: Developing innovative, learner-centered resources based on nursing theory is essential for enhancing students' clinical nursing skills. However, there is limited evidence on the effectiveness of mobile-based applications, particularly in reproductive health practicums, in improving both knowledge and learning satisfaction among nursing students. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the KesPro-P application for the Reproductive Health Nursing practicum on students' knowledge and learning satisfaction at the Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Andalas, Indonesia. Methods: This quantitative study used a post‑test‑only quasi‑experimental study with a control group design. The study was preceded by an update of the KesPro-P application with the addition of several sections. A total of 100 nursing students were randomly divided into an intervention group (n=50) and a control group (n=50). The 7-week practicum learning will use the KesPro-P application in the intervention group and conventional methods in the control group. A post-test assessed knowledge and learning satisfaction in both groups. Results: The initial step in this study was to update the practicum topic on the KesPro-P application and update it on the Play Store. There were 4 additional topics in the application, namely, placental manual, postpartum depression, malignancy screening, and the “KIA” book (Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak). The mean knowledge score was 84 in the intervention group and 70.80 in the control group. While for the learning satisfaction variable, the mean value was 34.84 in the intervention group and 30.40 in the control group. It shows that the intervention group's mean knowledge and satisfaction score is higher than the control group score. There was a difference between the level of knowledge and learning satisfaction between these two groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The use of smartphone applications is one of the effective learning media in increasing students' knowledge and learning satisfaction in Reproductive Health Nursing practicums.

Improving Infection Control Competencies in Nursing Education: The Impact of Simulation-Based Learning

2025-09-05T05:44:32+00:00

Background: Through simulation, students can enhance their critical thinking and analytical abilities to the best possible extent. To reduce hospital-acquired infections, it is critical to evaluate their current level of knowledge and develop future plans to increase it. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of simulation-based learning on undergraduate nursing students’ infection control competencies. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design (one-group pre-post-test design) was used to achieve the aim of this study. The study was carried out in the Faculty of Nursing at Sohag University Hospital. A convenient sample of B. Sc. (700 undergraduate nursing students) in their third year was recruited in this study. Three tools were used to collect data: Tool (1): Structured Knowledge Questionnaire on Infection Control Practices and Tool (II): Undergraduate nursing students’ observation checklist. Results: The study results revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in mean knowledge scores on infection control practices between pre- and post-tests with a ‘t’ value of 12.55 at p<0.001, and also there was a high statistically significant difference in mean practice scores on infection control practices between pre- and post-tests with a ‘t’ value of 15.99 at p<0.001. There was a significant correlation between pretest and post-test scores of knowledge and practice (p-value=0.001) on infection control practices among undergraduate nursing students regarding infection control practices among undergraduate nursing students. Conclusion: According to the current study's findings, undergraduate nursing students’ knowledge and practices regarding infection control competencies improved when they participated in simulation-based learning.

Effectiveness of a Diabetic Educational Module for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

2025-07-02T06:22:18+00:00

Background: Self-management is a cornerstone of effective type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) care, yet many patients face challenges due to low health literacy, poor self-efficacy, and lack of psychosocial support. Several intervention models have emerged to address these barriers, including educational programs, digital platforms, family-based support, and community engagement strategies. Objectives: This study evaluates the effectiveness of a module with multidimensional self-management interventions to improve clinical and behavioral outcomes in patients with T2DM. Methods: This review identifies 13 studies from 2016-2025, using designs like RCTs, quasi-experimental, and participatory research. They were examined thematically to evaluate their influence on diabetes self-management, clinical outcomes, and patient empowerment. Results: The findings revealed that interventions targeting health literacy, peer support, and digital education platforms resulted in statistically significant self-care behaviors and psychological outcomes. Family involvement and nurse-led initiatives improved the long-term success and effectiveness of the intervention. However, low-intensity or entertainment-based strategies showed limited impact on knowledge acquisition. Digital tools demonstrated potential, but their success depended on user engagement and context relevance. Conclusion: Multidimensional, culturally sensitive interventions integrating education, emotional support, and social structures substantially improve diabetes self-management outcomes. The hypothesis that such interventions are effective was supported. Future studies should evaluate long-term sustainability, cost-effectiveness, and scalability across healthcare systems.

Impact of Foot Reflexology on Neonates with Hyperbilirubinemia: A Systematic Review

2025-11-12T07:52:07+00:00

Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a prevalent condition commonly treated with phototherapy. While effective, phototherapy can cause adverse effects such as dehydration and maternal separation, necessitating complementary care strategies. Objectives: This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of foot reflexology and related tactile interventions on bilirubin levels and physiological parameters in neonates undergoing treatment for hyperbilirubinemia. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across five electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library) for studies published between 2019 and 2025. The review followed the PRISMA guidelines and PICOS framework. Twenty studies, including Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental designs, met the inclusion criteria. Results: The synthesized evidence indicates that foot reflexology is associated with a significant reduction in serum bilirubin levels compared to standard care alone. Additionally, the intervention demonstrated a stabilizing effect on physiological parameters, specifically reducing heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) while improving oxygen saturation (SpO₂). Conclusion: Foot reflexology appears to be a safe and effective complementary therapy that may enhance bilirubin excretion and promote physiological stability in jaundiced neonates.

Evolution of Mental Health Nursing Research in Indonesia Over Two Decades: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis

2025-09-24T09:58:40+00:00

Background: Mental health nursing research in Indonesia has shown substantial growth, yet it continues to encounter challenges related to research infrastructure, limited resources, regional disparities, and funding constraints. Objectives: To capture the trajectory of this development, a bibliometric analysis was undertaken using data from the Web of Science Core Collection spanning 2006–2025. Methods: A total of 310 publications were examined through the WoS Analysis Tool, VOSviewer, MapChart, and Microsoft Excel. The analysis covered publication and citation trends, disciplinary focus, journal distribution, institutional contributions, authorship patterns, international collaborations, and keyword co-occurrence. Results: Results indicated a marked increase in output beginning in 2018, peaking at 54 publications in 2024. The dataset received a total of 2,167 citations, with an average of 6.99 citations per article, reflecting a growing international scholarly presence. The primary research domains included nursing (34.51%), psychiatry (20.95%), and public health (18.38%). The leading institutions were Universitas Indonesia, Universitas Airlangga, and Universitas Gadjah Mada. International collaboration extended across 60 countries, with Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States as the most frequent partners. Conclusion: The findings underscore an evolving research landscape in Indonesia, highlighting the importance of strengthening research capacity, diversifying methodological approaches, and fostering global partnerships to advance evidence-based practice and inform mental health nursing policy.

Nursing Implications in Managing Oral Health among Children: Narrative Review

2025-09-13T07:26:45+00:00

Background: Oral health is an essential component of nursing care, and the maintenance of oral health, through both pharmacological and non-pharmacological management, is widely employed in clinical practice to support effective oral care. In children, oral health plays a crucial role in overall wellbeing, and nurses are often among the first healthcare professionals to identify, address, and prevent oral health problems. Objectives: This narrative review synthesizes and analyzes the historical evolution and available evidence regarding the nursing role in managing oral health in children, with a specific focus on nurse-led practices. It explores how nurses contribute to prevention, early detection, education, and the implementation of oral care strategies. Methods: The review synthesized relevant studies published in English between 2001 and 2025. These studies were identified through a structured search of major scientific databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and ResearchGate. The review incorporated literature examining nursing interventions, oral care protocols and the effectiveness of nurse-driven approaches in pediatric settings. Results: The findings highlight the significant preventive and educational impact nurses have in the oral health management of children. Nurses play an essential role in promoting oral hygiene, guiding caregivers and implementing evidence-based practices. The review also emphasizes that nurse-led interventions contribute positively to improving oral health status, particularly when chlorhexidine (CHX) is used as part of oral care routines. Conclusion: Nurse-led interventions have demonstrated positive effectiveness in enhancing children’s oral health outcomes. Future research should focus on the development of more organized, structured interventions and explore their long-term impact to further strengthen the role of nurses in pediatric oral health management.

The Role of Family Resilience and Social Support among Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review

2025-07-11T11:03:48+00:00

Background: Cancer and chemotherapy impose significant physical, emotional, and psychosocial burdens on patients and their families. Family resilience, supported by belief-based coping and positive perceptions of cancer treatment, plays an essential role in maintaining stability, reducing distress, and supporting patient well-being during chemotherapy. Objective: This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on how belief-based family support influences family resilience in caring for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and to identify implications for nursing practice. Methods: A systematic review guided by the PICOS framework was conducted using Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and Web of Science databases. Studies published between 2019 and 2024 were screened through predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Fourteen studies met eligibility requirements and were critically appraised using JBI, Cochrane, and CASP tools. Results: Four key themes were identified: (1) family resilience is strengthened through social support, dyadic communication, and adaptive coping mechanisms; (2) resilience-focused interventions reduce anxiety, depression, and caregiver burden; (3) psychosocial challenges during chemotherapy affect both patients and families; and (4) determinants of resilience include family cohesion, financial capacity, accessibility of treatment, and health insurance coverage. These findings underscore the importance of integrating resilience assessments and belief-based educational and coping strategies into nursing care to strengthen family support and improve patient outcomes. Conclusion: Belief-based family support plays a significant role in enhancing family resilience during chemotherapy. Incorporating resilience-building strategies into oncology nursing practice can reduce psychological distress, improve treatment adherence, and promote holistic family-centered care.

Nursing Care and Management of a Rare Case of Aggressive High-Grade Urothelial Carcinoma Transforming into Enteric-Type Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report

2025-03-12T10:58:35+00:00

Bladder cancer, a malignancy with high morbidity and mortality, predominantly affects older adults, with urothelial carcinoma as the most common histological type. However, enteric-type adenocarcinoma arising from high-grade urothelial carcinoma is an exceptionally rare and aggressive variant. This report notes the details of the case of a 44-year-old woman diagnosed at a rural hospital. She presented with hematuria and frequent micturition, leading to a diagnosis of high-grade urothelial carcinoma with villoglandular differentiation. Despite multiple chemotherapy cycles (gemcitabine-carboplatin, followed by Methotrexate, Vinblastine, Doxorubicin, and Cisplatin, or MVAC), the tumor progressed. Imaging revealed extensive invasion, necessitating radical anterior exenteration, including cystectomy, hysterectomy, and ileal conduit construction. Histopathology confirmed transformation into enteric-type adenocarcinoma with perineural and lymphovascular invasion but no lymph node metastases. Adjuvant radiotherapy was administered to mitigate recurrence risk. This case points out the obstacles to managing aggressive bladder carcinoma with histological transformation and highlights the need for a multimodal treatment strategy. Individualized approaches integrating surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are crucial. Further research is needed to establish standardized protocols and identify biomarkers for early detection and targeted therapy.